Madeleine Albright is Dead, but Intersectional Imperialism is Alive and Well | Black Agenda Report
Thursday, March 31, 2022
Wednesday, March 30, 2022
Political and Cultural Issues Mentioned.
As peace talks continues in Turkey among Ukraine and Russia, Russia still launches new attacks. Russia claims that it was scaling back, but its further attacks on Ukraine shows Putin's lies plus hypocrisy. Zelensky wants security guarantees in the peace talks. The peace talks could be successful. Ukraine will accept a neutral status in exchange with Ukraine's entrance into the European Union but not into NATO. At the end of the day, the war should end, Ukraine should have its independence (not being a puppet of the West or Russia), and the truth must be shown to the people. Also, the new New York City mayor Eric Adams has ordered the dismantling of homeless encampments. It started on this Monday under the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn. Many homeless people are ordered to pack up their tents and other belongings within 24 hours or have then destroyed by the city's sanitation trucks. That proposal in my eyes is cruelty. Maya Wiley would have been a great mayor of New York City if she was elected. She is a progressive, a great scholar, and an activist at the same time. There are over 60,000 homeless people in NYC. Homeless shelters don't have enough facilities to house the homeless. Adams made no plan to build a massive amount of housing first. You build housing first to give people an option, not destroy every homeless encampment. Vagrancy laws are unconstitutional and have been used back in the day to oppress black people during Jim Crow. Mike Adams is not progressive or moderate. He is conservative acting as the "law and order" type instead of being heroic to call for revolutionary change. Homeless human beings need not only affordable housing, but good paying jobs, public serviced, health care, and real education.
On March 29, 2020, it has been a historic day. President Biden signed the Emmett Till anti-lynching bill into law. It is the first federal anti-lynching law finally passed in the history of the United States of America. It has been a long time coming, and finally, this legitimate law has been in existence now. This law was proposed more than 100 years ago. Emmett Till was an innocent teenager from Chicago who was brutally murdered by numerous white racists. His mother grieved his passing, and she wanted an open casket to show the world how racists murdered her son viciously. Civil rights advocates and many black Americans were there for the signing ceremony. President Biden said that lynching was terrorism, and it was executed by people who believed in the lie that only a certain group of people are created equal. The truth is that all humans are created equal and deserving of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The new law makes it a hate crime for lynching. The previous bill was failed almost 200 times. It was introduced in 1900 by North Carolina Rep. George Henry White, the only black American member of Congress at the time. This new law is a just, historic law.
Certainly, people are still talking about the Will Smith issue. My view is more nuisance. Chris Rock made a joke about Will Smith's wife, Jada Pinkett Smith, about Jada should go on G.I. Jane 2. Jada rolled her eyes about the joke. Will Smith came to confront him, and he slapped Chris Rock. Rock was shocked at the slap. The whole world has debated the issue. This issue was more complicated than jokes. For years, Will Smith and his wife Jada Pinkett Smith have been the subject of innuendos, scandals, and other forms of disrespect from numerous folks. Will Smith just had a breaking point after years of humiliation and mistreatment by many forces. Some people even say that Will had no right to defend his wife. Will Smith have every right to defend his wife (who has a hair condition called alopecia. Black women go much slander and disrespect pertaining to their hair). Will Smith was right to defend his wife. He was just wrong to slap Chris Rock. You can handle a joke by your words not with your hands or fists. Will's slap has nothing to do with self-defense. It is certainly admirable to see Will's support of his wife over the years.
Tyler Perry and Denzel Washington came over to calm Will Smith down. I don't believe in the argument that Smith's actions represent the need of supporting respectability politics or it's a stain on all black people. One person's actions shouldn't be used as an excuse to scapegoat the black community collectively. Even if Will did nothing, white racists would still hate him. We don't need the support of racists to be tokens. We need to be ourselves. I certainly don't believe in the sellouts who want to cancel him when Will Smith apologized for what he did, and he later apologized to Chris Rock personally too. I think some omit that Will Smith apologized, but others want Will to grovel at the feet of corporate power. Joe Scarborough taking shots at Will is typical of him when Joe defends the act of Truman dropping atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki (which are war crimes). I read white racists even calling Will Smith a thug which is a racist prerogative. Chris Rock doesn't deserve to be slapped, but Rock made many controversial anti-black statements in his comedian routines for years, even joking about lynching (during a previous Oscars. He joked about wanting to join the Klan). Will Smith gave an eloquent speech after he won Best Actor at the Oscars for the movie King Richard. Some people, who refuse to forgive Will, will tolerate Howard Stern saying racist nonsense for decades and Donald Trump. Hopefully, Will Smith can keep his award. I believe this event is a learning lesson that we should not apologize for who we are, and we should treat each other with dignity and respect.
Some breaking news is that one federal judge said on Monday that former President Donald Trump and far right attorney John Eastman may have been planning a crime as the desired to disrupt the January 6 Congressional certification of the Presidential election. Judge David Carter wrote that the court finds it more than likely that President Trump tried to obstruct the election of 2020. Judge Carter is a California federal judge. He ordered Eastman to turn over 101 emails from around January 6, 2021. Eastman wanted those emails to be kept a secret. The House select committee is still investigating the U.S. Capitol attack. Trump wanted Mike Pence to stop the 2020 election results, and Pence refused to do so. The decision to prosecute Trump and his allies for the conspiracy of attempted coup d'état against American democracy itself is only done by the Justice Department. The Justice Department must do the right thing and charge Trump and his allies for trying to ruin American democracy during the 2020 election. Judge Carter said that there was a draft memo written for Trump attorney Rudy Giuliani to recommend that Pence reject some states' electors during the January 6 congressional meeting. The 1/6 committee is to meet tonight to discuss Ginni Thomas texts (which believed in the lie that the 2020 election is a fraud). That is why Clarence Thomas must rescue himself on any case relating to the 1/6 insurrection, as Ginni is Clarence's wife.
By Timothy
Tuesday, March 29, 2022
Monday, March 28, 2022
Times.
President Warren G. Harding was President from 1921 to 1923, and he lived from November 2, 1865 to August 2, 1923. He was a member of the Republican Party and popular among many of the American people back then. After his death, many scandals were exposed like the Teapot Dome scandal and his extramarital affair with Nan Britton. He was born in Blooming Grove, Ohio. Winnie was his nickname as a small child. Harding was the oldest of 8 children to George Tryon Harding and Phoebe Elizabeth (nee Dickerson) Harding. Phoebe was a state license midwife, and Tryon was a farmer who taught school near Mount Gilead. Tryon also became a doctor with a small practice. Some of Harding's maternal ancestors were Dutch including the wealthy Van Kirk family. Harding had ancestors from England, Wales, and Scotland too. Harding's family were abolitionists, and they moved into Caledonia. Tryon acquired the local weekly newspaper called The Argus. Warren Harding was in Ohio Central College in Iberia when he was 14 years, and it was his father's alma mater. Warren worked hard, and his family moved into Marion, which is about 6 miles from Caledonia. Harding graduated from the school in 1882. Warren Harding lived on farms and small towns. He worked as a teacher, an insurance man, and studied law. Warren Harding came to the 1884 Republican National Convention where he talked with journalists and supported the Presidential nominee and Secretary of State James G. Blaine. Warren Harding worked with the Democratic Mirror. He didn't like the newspaper praising then New York Governor Grover Cleveland, who won the election. Harding build the newspaper of the Star by the late 1880's. The Star was nonpartisan. Marion, Ohio grew fast. Harding was involved in the city's civic matters. Harding was married to Florence King, the daughter of Amos King (a local banker and developer). By this time, many people said that the Hardings had African American heritage when there is no conclusive evidence of this. Harding was married on July 8, 1891 at their new home on Mount Vernon Avenue in Marion. They didn't have children. His wife helped him to go into another level in politics, possibly achieve the White House.
Warren Harding came into politics after he purchased the Star newspaper. He supported Joseph B. Foraker for governor. Harding supported Ohio Republican politics. He opposed third party advocates. Harding's work as an editor took a toll on his health. From age 23 to 35, he required five admissions to the Battle Creek Sanitorium for reasons Sinclair described as "fatigue, overstrain, and nervous illnesses." Dean ties these visits to early occurrences of the heart ailment that killed Harding at age 57. During one such absence from Marion, in 1894, the Star's business manager quit, and Florence Harding took his place. She became her husband's top assistant at the Star on the business side, maintaining her role until the Hardings moved to Washington in 1915. Her competence allowed Harding to travel to make speeches—his use of the free railroad pass increased greatly after his marriage. Florence Harding practiced strict economy and wrote of Harding, "he does well when he listens to me and poorly when he does not." In 1892, Harding traveled to Washington, where he met Democratic Nebraska Congressman William Jennings Bryan, and listened to the "Boy Orator of the Platte" speak on the floor of the House of Representatives. Harding traveled to Chicago's Columbian Exposition in 1893. Both visits were without Florence. Democrats generally won Marion County's offices in 1895, and though Harding lost the election for county auditor, he did better than expected. The following year, Harding was one of many orators who traveled across Ohio in support of the campaign of the Republican presidential candidate William McKinley, that state's former governor. According to Dean, "while working for McKinley [Harding] began making a name for himself through Ohio."
Warren Harding worked hard in politics. He had a good relationship with Republicans. He ran for state Senate in 1899. He was in a two year term as a state Senator. Warren Harding allowed his sister, Mary, to be a teacher at the Ohio School for the Blind. Warren Harding was a Ohio political leader too. Warren Harding supported Taft after Teddy Roosevelt left the Party to be part of the Bull Moose Party. The Progressive Movement was divided by the early 20th century. Warren Harding ran for Senator of the U.S. Congress, and he won by 1914. He promoted a conciliatory campaigning style. He defeated Ohio Attorney General Timothy Hogan. Democrats controlled both Houses of Congress when Warren Harding was a Senator. He had very unimportant committee assignments early on. He was a safe, conservative Republican voter on issues. Harding wanted nuanced positions on women's suffrage and on the prohibition of alcohol. He never supported votes for women until Ohio did so. Harding drank, but supported the 18th Amendment (that banned the sale and drinking of alcohol). Harding, as a politician respected by both Republicans and Progressives, was asked to be temporary chairman of the 1916 Republican National Convention and to deliver the keynote address. He urged delegates to stand as a united party. The convention nominated Justice Charles Evans Hughes. Harding reached out to Roosevelt once the former president declined the 1916 Progressive nomination, a refusal that effectively scuttled that party. In the November 1916 presidential election, despite increasing Republican unity, Hughes was narrowly defeated by Wilson. Harding supported WWI and war legislation like the Espionage Act of 1917. The problem with that law is that it violated human civil liberties. Harding opposed Wilson's Treaty of Versailles plan including Article X of it.
By 1920, many Progressives came into the Republican Party. When Roosevelt suddenly died on January 6, 1919, a number of candidates quickly emerged. These included General Leonard Wood, Illinois Governor Frank Lowden, California Senator Hiram Johnson, and a host of underdogs such as Herbert Hoover (renowned for his World War I relief work), Massachusetts Governor Calvin Coolidge, and General John J. Pershing. Harding ran for President in 1920. Harding wanted to have a non confrontation style in his campaign. He won the Ohio primary. The 1920 Republican National Convention opened at the Chicago Coliseum on June 8, 1920, assembling delegates who were bitterly divided, most recently over the results of a Senate investigation into campaign spending, which had just been released. The report found that Wood had spent $1.8 million (equivalent to $23.25 million in 2020), supporting Johnson's claims that Wood was trying to buy the presidency. Some of the $600,000 that Lowden had spent wound up in the pockets of two convention delegates. Johnson had spent $194,000, and Harding $113,000. Many delegates believed that Johnson was behind the inquiry, and the rage of the Lowden and Wood factions put an end to any possible compromise among the frontrunners. Of the almost 1,000 delegates, 27 were women—the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing women the vote, was within one state of ratification, and passed before the end of August.
The Convention took time, and Harding won the Republican nomination for President. He choose Calvin Coolidge as his Vice President. Some criticized Harding as been too moderate. The Democrats had many choices. The Democratic National Convention opened in San Francisco on June 28, 1920, under a shadow cast by Woodrow Wilson, who wished to be nominated for a third term. Delegates were convinced Wilson's health would not permit him to serve, and looked elsewhere for a candidate. Former Treasury Secretary William G. McAdoo was a major contender, but he was Wilson's son-in-law, and refused to consider a nomination so long as the president wanted it. Many at the convention voted for McAdoo anyway, and a deadlock ensued with Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. On the 44th ballot, the Democrats nominated Governor Cox for president, with his running mate Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt. As Cox was a newspaper owner and editor when not in politics, this placed two Ohio editors against each other for the presidency, and some complained there was no real political choice. Both Cox and Harding were economic conservatives and were reluctant progressives at best. Harding wanted an Association of Nations, not a League of Nations as promoted by Woodrow Wilson. FDR supported the League of Nations, but not Cox that much.
During the campaign, opponents spread old rumors that Harding's great-great-grandfather was a West Indian black person and that other black people might be found in his family tree. Harding's campaign manager rejected the accusations. Wooster College professor William Estabrook Chancellor publicized the rumors, based on supposed family research, but perhaps reflecting no more than local gossip. By Election Day, November 2, 1920, few had any doubts that the Republican ticket would win. Harding received 60.2 percent of the popular vote, the highest percentage since the evolution of the two-party system, and 404 electoral votes. Cox received 34 percent of the national vote and 127 electoral votes. Campaigning from a federal prison where he was serving a sentence for opposing the war, Socialist Eugene V. Debs received 3 percent of the national vote. The Republicans greatly increased their majority in each house of Congress. Harding was sworn in on March 4, 1921, in the presence of his wife and father. Harding preferred a low-key inauguration, without the customary parade, leaving only the swearing-in ceremony and a brief reception at the White House. In his inaugural address he declared, "Our most dangerous tendency is to expect too much from the government and at the same time do too little for it." Harding took a vacation, and then went to work as the new President. Many of his appointments were pro-League of Nations people like Charles Evan Hughes as his Secretary of States. Andrew W. Mellon, one of the rich Americans in that time, was the Treasury leader. Harding had a scandal because of Harding's Senate friend, Albert B. Fall of New Mexico, the Interior Secretary, and Daugherty, the Attorney General. Fall was a Western rancher and former miner and was pro-development. He was opposed by conservationists such as Gifford Pinchot, who wrote, "it would have been possible to pick a worse man for Secretary of the Interior, but not altogether easy." The New York Times mocked the Daugherty appointment, stating that rather than select one of the best minds, Harding had been content "to choose merely a best friend." Eugene P. Trani and David L. Wilson, in their volume on Harding's presidency, suggest that the appointment made sense then, since Daugherty was "a competent lawyer well-acquainted with the seamy side of politics ... a first-class political troubleshooter and someone Harding could trust."
Harding wanted America to not be part of the League of Nations. The Senate didn't pass the Treaty of Versailles. Technically, America was at war with Germany, Austria, and Hungary. Peacemaking began with the Knox–Porter Resolution, declaring the U.S. at peace and reserving any rights granted under Versailles. Treaties with Germany, Austria and Hungary, each containing many of the non-League provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, were ratified in 1921. Hughes worked to fight for Britain to pay off its war debt. Germany had to pay its reparations. In 1922, passed a more restrictive bill. Hughes negotiated an agreement for Britain to pay off its war debt over 62 years at low interest, reducing the present value of the obligations. This agreement, approved by Congress in 1923, served as a model for negotiations with other nations. Talks with Germany on reduction of reparations payments resulted in the Dawes Plan of 1924. Harding refused to recognize the Bolshevik Revolution and the Soviet Union. Harding's Commerce Secretary Hoover allowed the American Relief Administration to send aid to Russia during its famine. Harding refused to support trade with the Soviets, but Hughes did. Harding talked about disarmament in the campaign, but he didn't discuss about it much as President. Some wanted fleets to be cut in America, the Uk, and Japan.
Harding concurred, and after diplomatic discussions, representatives of nine nations convened in Washington in November 1921. Most of the diplomats first attended Armistice Day ceremonies at Arlington National Cemetery, where Harding spoke at the entombment of the Unknown Soldier of World War I, whose identity, "took flight with his imperishable soul. We know not whence he came, only that his death marks him with the everlasting glory of an American dying for his country. Hughes, in his speech at the opening session of the conference on November 12, 1921, made the American proposal—the U.S. would decommission or not build 30 warships if Great Britain did likewise for 19 vessels, and Japan for 17. Hughes was generally successful, with agreements reached on this and other points, including settlement of disputes over islands in the Pacific, and limitations on the use of poison gas. The naval agreement applied only to battleships, and to some extent aircraft carriers, and ultimately did not prevent rearmament. Nevertheless, Harding and Hughes were widely applauded in the press for their work. Senator Lodge and the Senate Minority Leader, Alabama's Oscar Underwood, were part of the U.S. delegation, and they helped ensure the treaties made it through the Senate mostly unscathed, though that body added reservations to some. America disposed of many vessels after WWI. Harding had troops in Cuba and Nicaragua. Latin America didn't like foreign occupying interventions in their lands. America intervened in Panama and in Mexico. There was the ratification of the Thomas-Urrutia Treaty with Colombia after the U.S. provoked Panamanian Revolution of 1903.
America saw a depression from 1920-1921. Economic decline was real. Harding wanted a reduction of income taxes, an increase of tariffs on agricultural goods, and other reforms. He supported highways, aviation, and radio. Treasury Secretary Mellon also recommended that Congress cut income tax rates, and that the corporate excess profits tax be abolished. The House Ways and Means Committee endorsed Mellon's proposals, but some congressmen wanting to raise corporate tax rates fought the measure. Harding was unsure what side to endorse, telling a friend, "I can't make a d___ thing out of this tax problem. I listen to one side, and they seem right, and then—God!—I talk to the other side, and they seem just as right." Harding tried compromise, and gained passage of a bill in the House after the end of the excess profits tax was delayed a year. In the Senate, the bill became entangled in efforts to vote World War I veterans a soldier's bonus. Frustrated by the delays, on July 12, Harding appeared before the Senate to urge passage of the tax legislation without the bonus. It was not until November that the revenue bill finally passed, with higher rates than Mellon had proposed. Harding opposed the veterans' bonus. Mellon wanted lower tax rates, because he was a conservative economically. A non cash bonus for soldiers passed over Coolidge's veto in 1924. Mellon inspired Harding to cut taxes starting in 1922. Mellon said that income tax money was driven underground or abroad if income tax rates were increased, but alternatives can be made for the rich to pay their fair share of taxation.
Deregulations increased and governmental spending dropped. Unemployment declined. Wages, profits, and productivity increased. Mass production grew, Harding signed the Federal Highway Act of 1921. Large capital existed in the U.S. economy. He wanted a laissez faire approach involving business, and he was hostile to organized labor. Public works projects were growing but he wanted no federal money to deal massively with unemployment. This economic growth saw falling wages for some people. Labor strikes existed. On July 1, 1922, 400,000 railroad workers went on strike. Harding recommended a settlement that made some concessions, but management objected. Attorney General Daugherty convinced Judge James H. Wilkerson to issue a sweeping injunction to break the strike. Although there was public support for the Wilkerson injunction, Harding felt it went too far, and had Daugherty and Wilkerson amend it. The injunction succeeded in ending the strike; however, tensions remained high between railroad workers and management for years. Harding called for anti-lynching legislation, but he did nothing revolutionary to help African Americans. Harding wanted literacy tests for white and black votes. Harding spoke about equality but did very little to promote equality.
Three days after the Tulsa race massacre of 1921, Harding spoke at the all-Black Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. He declared, "Despite the demagogues, the idea of our oneness as Americans has risen superior to every appeal to mere class and group. And so, I wish it might be in this matter of our national problem of races." Speaking directly about the events in Tulsa, he said, "God grant that, in the soberness, the fairness, and the justice of this country, we never see another spectacle like it." Harding supported Congressman Leonidas Dyer's federal anti-lynching bill, which passed the House of Representatives in January 1922. When it reached the Senate floor in November 1922, it was filibustered by Southern Democrats, and Lodge withdrew it to allow the ship subsidy bill Harding favored to be debated, though it was likewise blocked. Black people blamed Harding for the Dyer bill's defeat; Harding biographer Robert K. Murray noted that it was hastened to its end by Harding's desire to have the ship subsidy bill considered.
With the public suspicious of immigrants, especially those who might be socialists or communists, Congress passed the Per Centum Act of 1921, signed by Harding on May 19, 1921, as a quick means of restricting immigration. The act reduced the numbers of immigrants to 3% of those from a given country living in the U.S., based on the 1910 census. This would, in practice, not restrict immigration from Ireland and Germany, but would bar many Italians and eastern European Jewish people. Harding and Secretary of Labor James Davis believed that enforcement had to be humane, and at the Secretary's recommendation, Harding allowed almost 1,000 deportable immigrants to remain. Coolidge later signed the Immigration Act of 1924, permanently restricting immigration to the U.S. Harding did not to pardon Eugene Debs when he was in prison for speaking against WWI. Debs left prison after the war was over, and he met with the socialist Debs. Harding released 23 other war opponents during that time to make normalcy in his mind a reality. Harding appointed four justices to the Supreme Court of the United States. When Chief Justice Edward Douglass White died in May 1921, Harding was unsure whether to appoint former president Taft or former Utah senator George Sutherland—he had promised seats on the court to both men. After briefly considering awaiting another vacancy and appointing them both, he chose Taft as Chief Justice. Sutherland was appointed to the court in 1922, to be followed by two other economic conservatives, Pierce Butler and Edward Terry Sanford, in 1923.
By 1922, economic issues grew as unemployment was as high as 11 percent. After the midterms in 1923, Harding fought to promote his policies. The economy improved. Harding wanted to go for re-election. Harding drink, eat, and smoke too much. He had a heart condition and chronic kidney issues. He recovered from influenza in January of 1923. Harding toured the West Coast and other places. He supported the World Court. He made many speeches, and Harding visited Yellowstone and Zion National Parks. Harding toured Vancouver, British Columbia as the first sitting American President to visit Canada. Harding visited Seattle. Harding kept up his busy schedule, giving a speech to 25,000 people at the stadium at the University of Washington. In the final speech he gave, Harding predicted statehood for Alaska. The president rushed through his speech, not waiting for applause from the audience. Harding had many scandals of electing his friends in federal positions. Many people didn't know the extent of the Teapot Dome scandal (involving oil, bribery, and the Navy. Albert B. Fall went into the prison for his crimes. He was the first Secretary of the Interior) and other things until after his death. He was about to fire Jess Smith for corruption, but Smith committed suicide on May 20, 1923. Charles R. Forbes went to prison for corrupt at the Veterans' Bureau. It is no secret that Warren Harding cheated on his wife by having adultery with many extramarital affairs.
Harding went to bed early the evening of July 27, 1923, a few hours after giving the speech at the University of Washington. Later that night, he called for his physician Charles E. Sawyer, complaining of pain in the upper abdomen. Sawyer thought that it was a recurrence of stomach upset, but Dr. Joel T. Boone suspected a heart problem. The press was told Harding had experienced an "acute gastrointestinal attack" and his scheduled weekend in Portland was cancelled. He felt better the next day, as the train rushed to San Francisco, where they arrived the morning of July 29. He insisted on walking from the train to the car, was then rushed to the Palace Hotel, where he suffered a relapse. Doctors found that not only was his heart causing problems, but also that he had pneumonia, and he was confined to bed rest in his hotel room. Doctors treated him with liquid caffeine and digitalis, and he seemed to improve. Hoover released Harding's foreign policy address advocating membership in the World Court, and the president was pleased that it was favorably received. By the afternoon of August 2, Harding's condition still seemed to be improving and his doctors allowed him to sit up in bed. At around 7:30 pm that evening, Florence was reading to him "A Calm Review of a Calm Man," a flattering article about him from The Saturday Evening Post; she paused and he told her, "That's good. Go on, read some more." Those were to be his last words. She resumed reading when, a few seconds later, Harding twisted convulsively and collapsed back in the bed, gasping. Florence Harding immediately called the doctors into the room, but they were unable to revive him with stimulants; Harding was pronounced dead a few minutes later, at the age of 57. Harding's death was initially attributed to a cerebral hemorrhage, as doctors at the time did not generally understand the symptoms of cardiac arrest. Florence Harding did not consent to have the president autopsied. His death was shock to the nation. His body traveled to the United States Capitol rotunda. He was buried at Marion, Ohio. President Coolidge, Chief Justice Taft, and Harding's widow and his father were there as his body was placed on a horse drawn hearse. His funeral was attended by Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Harvey Firestone. Florence Harding, his wife, was buried in the Harding Tomb being dedicated by President Hoover in 1931. President Warren G. Harding's legacy is that he wanted to get along with everybody, but he never foreseen a lot of the scandals that existed in his administration. He was a conservative on economic issues and wanted the status quo after wars and conflicts. The weakness of his administration was that its obsession with not forming bold policy action contributed to his moderate legacy (and scandals from Daugherty, Smith, Fall, and others definitely harmed America). His Presidency was short lived, but Warren Harding remains one of the most important Presidents of the 20th century.
President Calvin Coolidge was one of the most conservative Presidents in American history. He blatantly believed in laissez faire economics. His views on civil rights were more progressive than Harding, but Coolidge's economic policies contributed to the length and intensity of the Great Depression in the United States of America. He was the 30th President of America from 1923 to 1929. He lived from July 4, 1872 to January 5, 1929. He was born in Plymouth Notch, Vermont. He was the only U.S. President born on Independence Day. His parents were John Calvin Coolidge Sr. (1845–1926) and Victoria Josephine Moor (1846–1885). Although named for his father, John, from early childhood Coolidge was addressed by his middle name, Calvin. His middle name was selected in honor of John Calvin, considered a founder of the Congregational church in which Coolidge was raised and remained active throughout his life. His father was a famous farmer, storekeeper, and public servant. His ancestors came from the New England region. His earliest American ancestor, John Coolidge, emigrated from Cottenham, Cambridgeshire, England, around 1630 and settled in Watertown, Massachusetts. Coolidge's great-great-grandfather, also named John Coolidge, was an American military officer in the Revolutionary War and one of the first selectmen of the town of Plymouth. His grandfather Calvin Galusha Coolidge served in the Vermont House of Representatives. Coolidge was also a descendant of Samuel Appleton, who settled in Ipswich and led the Massachusetts Bay Colony during King Philip's War. Calvin Coolidge attended Black River Academy and then St. Johnsbury Academy. He also enrolled at Amherst college. He knew how to debate in college. Coolidge joined the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity and graduated cum laude. Later, he went into law after being influenced by philosophy professor Charles Edward Garman (a Congregational mystic with a neo-Hegelian philosophy).
Calvin Coolidge worked as a country lawyer in Massachusetts, and he married Grace Coodhue (a University of Vermont graduate and teacher at Northampton's Clarke School for the Deaf). They had a honeymoon trip at Montreal. After 25 years he wrote of Grace, "for almost a quarter of a century she has borne with my infirmities and I have rejoiced in her graces." The couple had 2 sons. Calvin Jr. died of blood poisoning. As a Republican, he worked in local politics in New England. Coolidge won the election to the City of Council of Northampton in 1898, and he continued to work as a political leader. In 1906, the local Republican committee nominated Coolidge for election to the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He won a close victory over the incumbent Democrat, and reported to Boston for the 1907 session of the Massachusetts General Court. In his freshman term, Coolidge served on minor committees and, although he usually voted with the party, was known as a Progressive Republican, voting in favor of such measures as women's suffrage and the direct election of Senators. While in Boston, Coolidge became an ally, and then a liegeman, of then U.S. Senator Winthrop Murray Crane who controlled the western faction of the Massachusetts Republican Party; Crane's party rival in the east of the commonwealth was U.S. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge.
Coolidge has an alliance with Guy Currier in his political career. He won his 2nd term in 1908. Calvin Coolidge was a well known conservative, but he refused to leave the Republican Party. Theodore Roosevelt was in the progressive wing of the Republicans, and the conservative wing of the party supported William Howard Taft. Coolidge by 1913 was in the Republican Party power structure. He supported investments in Massachusetts. He soon became Lieutenant Governor and Governor of Massachusetts from 1916 to 1921. He was lieutenant governor with Samuel W. McCall as governor. He won the 1918 election for Governor of Massachusetts. His running mate was Channing Cox or the Boston lawyer and Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. Coolidge ran on a platform of being fiscal conservative, a vague opposition to Prohibition, support for women's suffrage, and support for American involvement in World War I. The issue of war was divisive, but he won the election. As Governor, he opposed the Boston police to form a union. He responded to Samuel Gompers' pro-labor, pro-union words. Coolidge lost many friends from organized labor because of his decision to use National Guard troops to promote Curtis to office in the Boston police. Yet, he promoted law and order. He ran for re-election as Governor in 1918.
By the time Coolidge was inaugurated as Governor on January 2, 1919, the First World War had ended, and Coolidge pushed the legislature to give a $100 bonus (equivalent to $1,493 in 2020) to Massachusetts veterans. He also signed a bill reducing the work week for women and children from fifty-four hours to forty-eight, saying, "We must humanize the industry, or the system will break down." He signed into law a budget that kept the tax rates the same, while trimming $4 million from expenditures, thus allowing the state to retire some of its debt. Coolidge vetoed many bills as Governor. Her personally opposed to Prohibition, but he enforced the 18th Amendment because it was the law of the land. He was Vice President from 1921 to 1923 under President Warren G. Harding. Harding won Tennessee in the election which was the first time a Republican ticket won a Southern state since Reconstruction. Coolidge was mostly quiet as Vice President. He gave many speeches.
Coolidge often seemed uncomfortable among fashionable Washington society; when asked why he continued to attend so many of their dinner parties, he replied, "Got to eat somewhere." Alice Roosevelt Longworth, a leading Republican wit, underscored Coolidge's silence and his dour personality: "When he wished he were elsewhere, he pursed his lips, folded his arms, and said nothing. He looked then precisely as though he had been weaned on a pickle." Coolidge and his wife, Grace, who was a great baseball fan, once attended a Washington Senators game and sat through all nine innings without saying a word, except once when he asked her the time. After Warren Harding's unexpected death from a heart attack in San Francisco, Calvin Coolidge was President immediately. Coolidge was at his Vermont home with his family when the news came to him. His father, a notary public and justice of the peace, administered the oath of office in the family's parlor by the light of a kerosene lamp at 2:47 a.m. on August 3, 1923, whereupon the new President of the United States returned to bed.
Coolidge returned to Washington the next day, and was sworn in again by Justice Adolph A. Hoehling Jr. of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, to forestall any questions about the authority of a state official to administer a federal oath. This second oath-taking remained a secret until it was revealed by Harry M. Daugherty in 1932, and confirmed by Hoehling. President Calvin Coolidge kept a low profile.
Coolidge addressed Congress when it reconvened on December 6, 1923, giving a speech that supported many of Harding's policies, including Harding's formal budgeting process, the enforcement of immigration restrictions and arbitration of coal strikes ongoing in Pennsylvania. The address to Congress was the first presidential speech to be broadcast over the radio. The Washington Naval Treaty was proclaimed just one month into Coolidge's term, and was generally well received in the country. In May 1924, the World War I veterans' World War Adjusted Compensation Act or "Bonus Bill" was passed over his veto. Coolidge signed the Immigration Act later that year, which was aimed at restricting southern and eastern European immigration, but appended a signing statement expressing his unhappiness with the bill's specific exclusion of Japanese immigrants. Just before the Republican Convention began, Coolidge signed into law the Revenue Act of 1924, which reduced the top marginal tax rate from 58% to 46%, as well as personal income tax rates across the board, increased the estate tax and bolstered it with a new gift tax. On June 2, 1924, Coolidge signed the act granting citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States. By that time, two-thirds of them were already citizens, having gained it through marriage, military service (veterans of World War I were granted citizenship in 1919), or the land allotments that had earlier taken place. Coolidge won the 1924 election against John W. Davis and Robert M. LaFollette, a Republican Progressive politician from Wisconsin. After his son Calvin died, Calvin Coolidge was never the same.
President Calvin Coolidge ran his campaign and run. He wasn't confrontational. Calvin Coolidge saw the rapid economic growth in the Roaring Twenties. Herbert Hoover was the Secretary of Commerce back then. Coolidge disdained regulation and demonstrated this by appointing commissioners to the Federal Trade Commission and the Interstate Commerce Commission who did little to restrict the activities of businesses under their jurisdiction. The regulatory state under Coolidge was, as one biographer described it, "thin to the point of invisibility." Historian Robert Sobel offers some context of Coolidge's laissez-faire ideology, based on the prevailing understanding of federalism during his presidency: "As Governor of Massachusetts, Coolidge supported wages and hours legislation, opposed child labor, imposed economic controls during World War I, favored safety measures in factories, and even worker representation on corporate boards. Did he support these measures while president? No, because in the 1920s, such matters were considered the responsibilities of state and local governments." I disagree, because the federal government has every right to ban child labor, have labor rights, and do other things to regulate the economy. Coolidge supported the taxation policies of Andrew Mellon. He cut taxes. He reduced federal expenditures. Only the richest 2 percent of taxpayers paid any federal income tax by 1927. Coolidge even opposed to farm subsidies. Farmers were suffering, and Coolidge refused to support the federal government to purchase crops to sell abroad at lower prices. Agriculture Secretary Henry C. Wallace and other administration officials favored the bill of the federal government to help farmers when it was introduced in 1924, but rising prices convinced many in Congress that the bill was unnecessary, and it was defeated just before the elections that year.
In 1926, with farm prices falling once more, Senator Charles L. McNary and Representative Gilbert N. Haugen – both Republicans – proposed the McNary–Haugen Farm Relief Bill. The bill proposed a federal farm board that would purchase surplus production in high-yield years and hold it (when feasible) for later sale or sell it abroad. Coolidge opposed McNary-Haugen, declaring that agriculture must stand "on an independent business basis", and said that "government control cannot be divorced from political control." Instead of manipulating prices, he favored instead Herbert Hoover's proposal to increase profitability by modernizing agriculture. Secretary Mellon wrote a letter denouncing the McNary-Haugen measure as unsound and likely to cause inflation, and it was defeated. Coolidge has often been criticized for his actions during the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the worst natural disaster to hit the Gulf Coast until Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Although he did eventually name Secretary Hoover to a commission in charge of flood relief, scholars argue that Coolidge overall showed a lack of interest in federal flood control. Coolidge did not believe that personally visiting the region after the floods would accomplish anything, and that it would be seen as mere political grandstanding. He also did not want to incur the federal spending that flood control would require; he believed property owners should bear much of the cost. On the other hand, Congress wanted a bill that would place the federal government completely in charge of flood mitigation. When Congress passed a compromise measure in 1928, Coolidge declined to take credit for it and signed the bill in private on May 15. Calvin Coolidge spoke in making lynching a federal crime, but he did nothing revolutionary to help African Americans. During his time as Presidents, lynchings of African Americans decreased and millions of people left the Klan. Coolidge disliked the Klan. Charles Dawes criticized the Klan.
Coolidge spoke in favor of the civil rights of African-Americans, saying in his first State of the Union address that their rights were "just as sacred as those of any other citizen" under the U.S. Constitution and that it was a "public and a private duty to protect those rights." On June 6, 1924, Coolidge delivered a commencement address at historically black, non-segregated Howard University, in which he thanked and commended African-Americans for their rapid advances in education and their contributions to U.S. society over the years, as well as their eagerness to render their services as soldiers in the World War, all while being faced with discrimination and prejudices at home. On June 2, 1924, Coolidge signed the Indian Citizenship Act, which granted U.S. citizenship to all American Indians living on reservations. (Those off reservations had long been citizens). Coolidge spoke of tolerance of differences. He worked in foreign policy affairs too. Coolidge wanted the World Court but not the League of Nations as not serving American interests. He wanted the Dawes Plan to give partial relief to Germany in paying off their reaprations from WWI. Coolidge refused to recognize the USSR. Coolidge worked with Mexico and allowed the occupation of Nicaragua plus Haiti. He ended the occupation of Dominican Republic in 1924. Coolidge talked with Latin American leaders. For Canada, Coolidge authorized the St. Lawrence Seaway, a system of locks and canals that would provide large vessels passage between the Atlantic Ocean and the Great Lakes. His cabinet including judicial appointments existed. By the 1928 election, Coolidge didn't run for re-election. Herbert Hoover won in a landslide by 1928. The Republicans had a landslide. Calvin Coolidge retired and lived in Northampton. He was an honorary president of the American Foundation for the Blind, a director of New York Life Insurance Company, president of the American Antiquarian Society, and a trustee of Amherst College. Calvin Coolidge supported Herbert Hoover's re-election campaign in 1932. Hoover lost, and Coolidge promoted his autobiography, newspaper column, etc.
Coolidge died suddenly from coronary thrombosis at "The Beeches", at 12:45 p.m., January 5, 1933, at age 60. Shortly before his death, Coolidge confided to an old friend: "I feel I no longer fit in with these times." Coolidge is buried in Plymouth Notch Cemetery, Plymouth Notch, Vermont. The nearby family home is maintained as one of the original buildings on the Calvin Coolidge Homestead District site. The State of Vermont dedicated a new visitors' center nearby to mark Coolidge's 100th birthday on July 4, 1972. Calvin Coolidge's 2nd inauguration was the first Presidential inauguration broadcast on the radio. He helped to expand radio regulation too. When When Charles Lindbergh arrived in Washington on a U.S. Navy ship after his celebrated 1927 trans-Atlantic flight, President Coolidge welcomed him back to the U.S. and presented him with the Medal of Honor; the event was captured on film. The legacy of President Calvin Coolidge was that was he was more of a shy man who sincerely believed in laissez faire economic policies. He was still sincerely wrong on economic issues, and the federal government utilized to enrich the lives of the people directly is righteous. Coolidge didn't live to see the era of WWII, but Coolidge was the transitional President after WWI but before WWII that caused another expansion of the federal government since the days of Reconstruction.
The story of my relatives are very extensive. The followtin information is new information that I discovered about my distant cousins (by late March of 2022) who are descendants of Sarah Claud. Sarah Claud was my 4th great grandmother. Sarah Claud married Tom Hill (1838-1915). They had a child named Adaline Hill (1862-1930). Adaline Hill married John Henry Williams (1857-1921) on May 17, 1877 at Southampton County, Virginia. One of their sons were Peter Percy Williams (1880-1949). He married Hattie E. Joyner (1881-1959) and had many children like Johnnie Thomas Williams (1912-1977). Johnnie Thomas Williams was my 2nd cousin, and he married Irene Turner (1921-1994) on March 24, 1940 at Drewryville, Virginia. Their children are Johnnie McCory Williams (b. 1940. He married Beatrice Lavonne Walker on July 25, 1966 at Nansemond, Virginia), Kermit Keesee Williams Sr. (b. 1942. He married Faye Diana Duck on June 8, 1968 at Suffolk, Virginia), Shelton Williams Sr. (b. 1944), Jackie Williams (1946-2018), Joan Williams (1948-2021), Larry W. Williams (1953-1978), Calvin Ricardo Williams Sr. (b. 1955), Wanda Penelope Williams Hughes (b. 1957), Frieda Elaine Williams (b. 1959), Andrew Sharrod, and Sandra Williams Gaskins.
My late 3rd cousin Joan Williams Wilson lived from May 17, 1948 to November 29, 2021. She was born in Suffolk, Virginia. Joan attended Norfolk State University and majored in math. Later, Joan worked as a tax accountant for H&R Block for several years. She later worked as a certified nurse's assistant. Her last job was at Walmart where she worked as a greeter/cashier for over five year. People always loved her great personality. She married Williams Alfred Wilson Jr. (1946-2005) on December 23, 1973 at Norfolk, Virginia. Their children are Kenya Yolanda Chillie Wilson (b. 1974. She married Christopher Lamont Neal on March 9, 2002 at Charlottesville, Virginia. Their children are Victoria Alexis Neal being born in 2007, Jamal Neal, and De-Quan Marguise Neal (He is married to Diana Neal), William Alfred Wilson III (b. 1979. His children are Kweli WIlson, Jeremiah Wilson, William Alfred Wilson IV, and Angelina Wilson). Andre Sharrod Wilson Sr.(he is married to GiGi Wilson. Their child is Andre Wilson Jr.), and Tiffany Shannon Wilson (who was born on May 23, 1981 at Norfolk, Virginia). Destiny is also Joan's grandchild. Joan Wilson's great grand kids are Max, Ezra, Emory (who passed away), and Chloe. Joan's grand daughter's Mariah is deceased.
My 3rd cousin Frieda Elaine Williams was born on June 21, 1959 at Southampton County, Virginia. She married Allen Dewayne Cason on March 18, 1989 at Portsmouth, Virginia. Their daughter is my 4th cousin Victoria Joi Cason being born on August 19, 1993 at Portsmouth, Virginia. Sandra Williams-Gaskins is my 3rd cousin who married the late Gary Gaskins (1949-2015). Their children are: Angelicque Carol Gaskins Downs (b. 1969. She is married to Gerard Downs), Kari Gaskins McDonough (b. 1977. She is married to Jerry McDonough, and their children are Elle McDonough and Gerald Thomas McDonough IV), Gary McKenney Gaskins Jr. (b. 1979. He is married to Quondra L. Jeffers, and she was born in 1979), Justin Elliot, Deshaun Hall, and Craig Gaskins. My 3rd cousin Jackie Williams lived from June 1, 1946 to October 13, 2018. She was married to Warren Ware, and their children are Wade M. Ware (b. 1974) and Racquel Ware (b. 1978).
By Timothy
Saturday, March 26, 2022
Friday, March 25, 2022
End of the Week News.
Rep. Mo Brooks now admits that Donald Trump repeatedly asked him to "rescind" the 2020 election. We already knew this, but confirmation from an extremist like Brooks should make people aware that the Trump administration is one of the most corrupt administrations in American history. Some ignore the fact that Trump wanted peaceful protesters of injustice to be banned from the NFL. Trump wanted to remove Biden. He failed. Brooks said that Trump spoke to him constantly on trying to steal the 2020 election. That is why Brooks lost the endorsement of the former President Trump in his race for the U.S. Senate in Alabama. Brooks was one of the fiercest supporting allies of Donald Trump. At the Stop the Steal rally at the White House, he said that he wanted to take down names and do another act being a threat. This information will be investigated by the House Select Committee on the January 6 terrorist, insurrectionist attack against the U.S. government. Brooks didn't decide whether he would cooperate with the January 6 committee or not. We desire the truth.
The hearing of Ketanji Brown Jackson was filled with emotion and fireworks from Republican Senators. Judge Jackson was blatantly subjected to insults, lies, and questions of her character that no white justice candidate never experienced in any Supreme Court nomination hearing. Brett Kavanaugh was accused of sexual assault, but Republican Senators treated Brett with kid gloves. Lindsay Graham constantly yells at Judge Jackson in an unprofessional way. An average person would get fired for screaming at a co-worker. Judge Jackson said that she had to follow guidelines in conviction policies. In other words, judges have to follow sentencing guidelines, and this never means that Judge Jackson was coddling sick child abusers. Ted Cruz asking Jackson if there are racist white babies is not only silly but offensive to the intellect of Judge Jackson. The weakness of conservatives is that many of them lack to understand the nuisance of issues. Judge Jackson sentenced the Pizzagate criminal for 4 years in prison. The constant interruption the constant disrespect, etc. are what tons of black women experience in and outside of the workplace constantly. It's a shame, and it's wrong.
Madeleine Albright passed away being 84 years old. She was the famous diplomat who served as the 64th U.S. Secretary of State from 1997 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. She was the first woman Secretary of State in American history. She was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Albright became an U.S. citizen in 1957. She has toured the world, worked in Middle Eastern affairs, and witnessed some of the most important events in foreign policy history. The truth is that her legacy is very wide ranging and complicated. We remember her life. She had cancer. Also, we can't sugarcoat her life. She was right to defend women's rights, support the Kyoto Protocols, and on other matters. Yet, she supported American imperialism in many ways, and she was wrong to do that. Back in 1996, Madeleine Albright actually said that the deaths of 500,000 Iraqi children via severe economic sanctions was worth it in Iraq. The Clinton administration enacted airstrikes against Iraq in February 1998 when I was a freshman in high school. Albright endorsed the expansion of NATO. She supported the US/NATO bombing of Serbia which harmed civilian locations too. Her mentor was the blatant elitist and Trilateral Commission member Zbigniew Brzezinski. Albright knew authoritarian nations firsthand, as she was a refugee who survived much suffering as a youth.
Days ago was the Birthday of a beautiful black woman who is a trailblazer of music. She was a former Black Panther Party member, a singer, a songwriter, and a great musician. She is the Queen of Funk and was part of the group Rufus for years. She is Sister Chaka Khan, and she is now 69 years old. Chicago is the city of her birth. She was raised in Hyde Park area with a beatnik father and a mother who allowed her freedom. She lived near the South Side housing projects. Her siblings were successful musicians. Her grandmother inspired her to follow music. She attended the elementary school call Saint Thomas the Apostle Church. When she was a child, she formed a girl group called the Crystalettes when she was 11. Laster, Khan attended many civil rights rallies with her father's 2nd wife Connie, a strong supporter of the movement. Her friend was Fred Hampton, and Chaka Khan joined the Black Panther Party in 1967.
By 1972, she joined the group called Rufus. Rufus made many hits. Tell Me Something Good is their hit during the 1970's. People know about their music like Sweet Thing, Hollywood, etc. Chaka Khan wore unique clothing. Chaka Khan danced and made her own solo career by the 1980's. I'm Every Woman was part of her classic songs like I Feel For You, and This is My Night plus Through the Fire. Chaka Khan worked with Ray Charles, Quincy Jones, and other people. She loves her children. Chaka Khan today is a vegan. Her recent 2019 album is called Hello Happiness. She earned many Soul Train Awards. To know funk and R&B music, folks should understand the impact of Chaka Khan in the music stage. I wish Sister Chaka Khan more blessings.
By Timothy
Wednesday, March 23, 2022
Judge Ketanji Brown and other News.
According to the United Nations, more than 10 million people have fled from their homes in Ukraine. More than 2 million people are refugees in Poland. We have reports of Russian troops working to push journalists out of Ukraine. This is a violation of the freedom of the press. Any Putin apologist is a traitor to democracy and human liberty. Putin passes laws violating freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion. His police forces look up thousands of peaceful protesters in Russia. Yet, you still have far right extremists and fake leftist "anti-imperialists" supporting Vladimir Putin. They don't care about humanitarian crisis in Europe, but they do care about support Putin's far right regime. Putin is a far right nationalist not a hero. We know of the hypersonic missiles harming civilian locations. Those actions are outright war crimes. Subsequently, you have far right extremists, Hoteps, and other agents either defending Putin or minimizing the war crimes in Ukraine by Russian forces. All 3 factions have no respect from me at all. The truth is that this Russian invasion of Ukraine is evil, unjust, and makes a mockery or true morality. 4 journalists have been killed by Russian military terrorists.
The Russian military's atrocities in Mariupol should be known. These forces attacked homes and a hospital. AP journalists have documented the horrors in the city. They reported how the Russians targeted the maternity hospital. Emergency workers had to pull bloodied pregnant women from the hospital. Russian authorities lied and tried to slander the victims of the bombed hospitals. One woman died with her baby being died too from the Russian war crimes. Russian terrorists use the letter Z on the hospital to represent their actions. Journalists have risked their lives to tell the truth what is really going on in Ukraine. A theater and an art school were attacked by Russian airstrikes. About 4,500 residents from Mariupol have been taken against their will across the Russian border. At least 2,000 civilian causalities have existed in Ukraine. Hypocrites and liars say that this war has nothing to do with us. The truth is that it has to do with us as this war has increased oil prices and threatens to cause a global food crisis.
Days ago, Ketanji Brown Jackson gave his opening statement at her Supreme Court confirmation hearing. Jackson has not only superb qualifications. She has tons of knowledge of legal matters. She thanked President Biden and Vice President Kamala (including their spouses) for giving her the opportunity in the nomination process. She spoke about her faith in God inspiring her to fulfill her career in legal matters. She talked about her parents who moved from Miami to Washington, D.C. to gain a new life. She was born in D.C. too. Later, Jackson said that her parents instilled in her and her younger brother, Ketajh, the importance of public service. Jackson has praised the Judge Constance Baker Motley, who was the first African American woman to be appointed to the federal bench. She wanted to make sure that wants to ensure liberty and justice for all if she joins the Supreme Court. Republicans are already spreading lies about her involving her record. Yet, many people are defending her human dignity as a qualified black woman. Hopefully, after the Senate confirmation hearing, she will be the next justice on the sacred Supreme Court.
Judge Jackson continues to have her confirmation hearing. Once again, she has defended her record, and as usually far right Republicans are misinterpreting her record. Far right Republicans just promote the lie that she promotes critical race theory, when Republicans want to promote a whitewash, sugarcoated myth about American history. Critical race theory has nothing to do with Judge Jackson's philosophy and qualifications on the court. Extremists like Ted Cruz omit that Jefferson and Andrew Jackson were notorious racists who believed in the lie that black people were intellectually inferior. Cruz also omits that systemic racism is a documented reality proven by testimonies from human beings and sociological studies. She currently sits on the D.C. federal appellate court. In the hearing, many Republicans try to portray her as "soft as crime," many tons of Republicans of soft on confronting racial injustice. Judge Jackson said that she supports the rule of law and the concern of public safety in condemning inappropriate images of children. She defended the right of journalists to use their First Amendment rights to express their views. She talked about the issue of detainees at Guantanamo Bay. Judge Brown said that she is a nondenominational Protestant, and her religious views are separate from her decision-making act on the court (as the Constitution says that there is no religious test in electing officials in the federal government).
New discoveries about genealogy are commonplace in this generation. On my Ancestry.com account, there is a new person related to me named Francis Allison Burgess. At first, I didn't know how he was related to me. Now, I know via a lot of research in March of 2022. He was born in October 25, 1978 at Washington, D.C. His parents are Vernon Alfred Burgess (1946-2016) and Gladys Mae Kindred Burges (b. 1950). Francis' late sister was Stephanie Latrice Burgess (1975-2021). Francis and Stephanie Burgess are my 5th cousins. The late Stephanie Latrice Burgess was a righteous black woman who lived from July 19, 1975 to March 14, 2021. She was born in Washington, D.C. When she was young, she was educated in the Anne Arundel County Public Schools and graduated from Arundel High School in the year of 1991. She attended Anne Arundel Community college too. Later, Stephanie Burgess joined the U.S. Army, she served her country for four years, and she had an honorable discharge. She became a mother, grandmother, and friend to countless human being. She loved her five children named Rian Burgess, Ravyn Burgess-Dunn, Renae Burgess, Garvyn Burgess, and Emmaline Roach. Her granddaughter is Izabella Valdez (whose parents are Ravyn Burgess-Dunn and Jeffrey Valdez). Stephanie Burgess' homecoming took place in Waldorf, Maryland. Her children and granddaughter are my maternal cousins. I can trace back his ancestors long in the past too. Gladys Mae Kindred Burges was born on February 7, 1950 at Southampton County, Virginia. Her parents were John Anderson Kindred (1910-1987) and Katie Bell Kindred (1921-1995). Katie Bell Kindred was my 3rd cousin whose parents are Kennie Godwin Vincent (b. 1887) and Annie Beulah Whitehead (1895-1963). Annie Beulah Whitehead was my 2nd cousin, and her parents were James L. Whitehead (b. 1857) and Lula Claud (1869-1928). My 1st cousin Lula Claud's parents are George Washington Claud (1854-1923) and Annie Harris (b. 1850). George Washington Claud's mother was my 5th great grandfather Zilphy Claud (1820-1893). Therefore, Francis Burgess, Stephanie Burgess, and I are descendants of Zilphy Claud. That is how they are related to me.
By Timothy
Monday, March 21, 2022
Facts About Life.
For thousands of years, STEM Field culture has been cultivated in diverse ways. From textbooks to movies, its culture is diverse, widespread, and growing. Today we have some of the most advanced technological advances in human history. Still, the digital divide remains a serious problem that we must address prodigiously. Real work has been shown to expand the culture of STEM Fields. With new cultural changes all of the time, we see more BIPOC people, women, and other human beings working in STEM related occupations constantly. With the advent of Google Certification programs, ITT, and other universities offering certain science related programs, there has been a massive growth of STEM scholars. There are new efforts to recruit women to have STEM fields too. The common lie is that STEM is just for men. That lie is refuted on the fact that some of the greatest STEM experts in human history have been women. There is equality among men and women. Equality doesn't mean that everyone is identical (i.e. even relatives will have some genetic differences). Equality means that all people have equal worth, should have equal rights, and can achieve massive accomplishments in their lives. STEM culture relates to science teachers giving assignments to students. It deals with scholars being involved in documentaries about STEM. It is about game changers who can inspire future generations to achieve their goals massively. Not to mention that movies as diverse as Stand and Deliver, 1968: A Space Odyssey, and Hidden Figures (that praised black American STEM heroes) describing the value of STEM expression (in fictional and non-fictional stories). We do have this right to build up a positive culture where people, who want to express themselves in STEM, have the just opportunities in doing so. In that way, the whole Universe is blessed.
The history of mixed martial arts came from ancient times in fighting styles from Africa, Asia, and Europe. Nothing is new under the sun. In ancient China, there was a combat sport called Leitai. This was a no hold barred mixed combat sport that combined Chinese martial arts, boxing, and wrestling. In ancient Greece, there was a sport called pankration. It included grappling and striking skills similar to modern MMA. Pankration was formed by combining the already established wrestling and boxing traditions and, in Olympic terms, first featured in the 33rd Olympiad in 648 BC. All strikes and holds were allowed with the exception of biting and gouging, which were banned. The fighters, called pankratiasts, fought until someone could not continue or signaled submission by raising their index finger; there were no rounds. According to the historian E. Norman Gardiner, "No branch of athletics was more popular than the pankration." There are similar mixed combat sports in Ancient Egypt, India, and Japan. These fighting sports evolved worldwide from Africa to the Americas over the course of centuries and thousands of years. By the mid 19th century, there was the new sport called savate in the combat sports circle. French savate fighting wanted to test their techniques against other traditional combat styles of this time.
By 1852, there was a contest held in France between French savateurs and English bare knuckle boxers. The French fighter Rambaud alias la Resistance fought English fighter Dickinson and won using his kicks. However, the English team still won the four other match-ups during the contest. Contests occurred in the late 19th to mid-20th century between French Savateurs and other combat styles. Examples include a 1905 fight between French savateur George Dubois and a judo practitioner Re-nierand which resulted in the latter winning by submission, as well as the highly publicized 1957 fight between French savateur and professional boxer Jacques Cayron and a young Japanese karateka named Mochizuki Hiroo which ended when Cayron knocked Hiroo out with a hook. Catch wrestling was in the late 19th century. It had many styles of wrestling like Indian pehlawni and English wrestling. Modern MMA was influenced by catch wrestling too. There was no holds barred fighting taking place in the late 1880's. This was when catch wrestling representated the style of catch wrestling and many other people met in tournaments and music hall challenge matches all over Europe. In the US, the first major encounter between a boxer and a wrestler in modern times took place in 1887 when John L. Sullivan, then heavyweight world boxing champion, entered the ring with his trainer, wrestling champion William Muldoon, and was slammed to the mat in two minutes. The next publicized encounter occurred in the late 1890s when future heavyweight boxing champion Bob Fitzsimmons took on European wrestling champion Ernest Roeber. In September 1901, Frank "Paddy" Slavin, who had been a contender for Sullivan's boxing title, knocked out future world wrestling champion Frank Gotch in Dawson City, Canada. The judo-practitioner Ren-nierand, who gained fame after defeating George Dubois, would fight again in another similar contest, which he lost to Ukrainian Catch wrestler Ivan Poddubny. One early example of mixed martial arts was Bartitsu, which Edward William Barton-Wright founded in London in 1899. It combined catch wrestling, judo, boxing, savate, jujutsu, and canne de combat (French stick fighting). Barttitsu is known as the first martial artist to have combined Asian and European fighting styles. These MMA style contests were all over England among European catch wrestlers and Japanese Judoka champions against representatives of various European wrestling styles.
Baby Boomers are included in some of the most influential generations in human history. They are younger than the Silent Generation and older than Generation X. They were born from 1946 to 1964, or part of the post World War II baby boom. Many of the Baby Boomers are children of the Greatest Generation or the Silent Generation. They are often the parents of the late Generation Xers and Millennials. Some late Baby Boomers are parents of some of Generation Z too. The Baby Boomers had their childhoods in the 1950's and 1960's. They saw cultural changes that caused many of them to be the first in their families to go into college. They saw the peak of Cold War tensions between especially America and the Soviet Union. The oldest members were 18 in 1964. Their large size contributed to the power of the counterculture and the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960's. In many countries, this period was one of deep political instability due to the postwar youth bulge. In China, boomers lived through the Cultural Revolution and were subject to the one-child policy as adults. These social changes and rhetoric had an important impact in the perceptions of the boomers, as well as society's increasingly common tendency to define the world in terms of generations, which was a relatively new phenomenon. That this group reached puberty and maximum height earlier than previous generations added to the tension between the generations.
In the West, Baby Boomers came of age with massive government subsidies in postwar times involving housing, education, civil rights, and voting rights. Many of them believed that they could change the world. By the 21st century, they make up a large portion of elderly human beings. From 1940 to 1940, there was an increase of 2,357,000 people in the American population. Sylvia F. Porter wrote about this boom in the May 4, 1951 edition of the New York Post. The first recorded use of "baby boomer" is in a January 1963 Daily Press article by Leslie J. Nason describing a massive surge of college enrollments approaching as the oldest boomers were coming of age. The Oxford English Dictionary dates the modern meaning of the term to a January 23, 1970, article in The Washington Post. Baby Boomers were too young to remember WWII, but they were old enough to remember the John F. Kennedy's assassination in many cases. In the US, the generation can be segmented into two broadly defined cohorts: the "leading-edge baby boomers" are individuals born between 1946 and 1955, those who came of age during the Vietnam War and Civil Rights eras. This group represents slightly more than half of the generation, or roughly 38,002,000 people of all races. The other half of the generation, usually called "Generation Jones", but sometimes also called names like the "late boomers" or "trailing-edge boomers", was born between 1956 and 1964, and came of age after Vietnam and the Watergate scandal. This second cohort includes about 37,818,000 individuals, according to Live Births by Age and Mother and Race, 1933–98, published by the Centers for Disease Control's National Center for Health Statistics. In China, there was the Great Leap Forward of massive population growth in Communist China. From the early 1930's to the late 1970's, IQ scores increased rapidly in the Flynn effect. People were more adept at doing many specific tasks involving scientific and analystical thinking. The reason is that there were more improved nutrition, higher literacy levels, better educational opportunities, and a more intellectual stimulating environment. The rising standard of living caused this to be possible for Baby Boomers.
In many places of the West, social welfare programs helped the economies of many nations from America to France. WIth more Baby Boomers going into college, society changed. By the 1950's and 1960's, television was dominant media service stronger than the radio. Baby Boomers were influenced by music, youth culture, and scholars like Jack Kerouac (and Herbert Marcuse of the Frankfurt School of Social Theory). Baby Boomers saw a cultural revolution from the Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique in 1963, Dr. King, Malcolm X, Jimi Hendrix, and second wave feminism in general. Some Baby Boomers were liberals and others were conservatives. Many Baby Boomers wanted to be open to go against mainstream culture to establish a more new style of living. There were moderate members of the counterculture and more revolutionary elements in it that wanted radical change in society. Baby Boomers saw protests, rebellions, civil disobedience, wars, and other conflicts worldwide. Hippies were popular, but they didn't make up the majority of society. There was a more permissive attitude about sexuality growing since the 1960's. What was once taboo was shown openly by the Baby Boomers. The growth of contraception and antibiotics grown the sexual revolution along with its proponents being funded to show their voices. Second Wave feminism saw the creation of NOW (the National Organization for Women) and the Equal Rights Amendment movement. Changes to divorce laws and abortion laws were the signs of that time period. Later, changes happened in society. Cohabitation increased, divorce rates grown, and we see the mixture of economic booms and busts since 1968. Baby Boomers were in middle age by the early 2000s. Some saved money for retirement. Many Boomers don't follow traditional religion. Some Baby Boomers exited the workforce more quicker since the start of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Baby Boomers live longer than previous generations, and they save tons of wealth. Tons of money are spent on them for resources like medical devices, because the Baby Boomer population is so large in the world. Most elderly Baby Boomers are conservatives, because on average older people are more conservative than younger people. Baby Boomers saw massive change in the world from the Apollo Program, the rise of RFK, the Watergate scandal, the oil crisis of 1973, and the Vietnam War. Famous Baby Boomers are people like Oprah Winfrey, Stevie Wonder, Bruce Springsteen, Tom Hanks, George Clooney, Samuel L. Jackson, Steve Jobs, Bono, julieanna Richardson, Erin Brockovich, Bill Murray, and other human beings.
Generation X is a highly influential group of people. They are younger than the Baby Boomers and older than the Millennials. They are people born from 1965 to 1980. There are about 65.2 million Generation Xers in America alone. Many of them are parents of Millennials and Generation Z. They were the latchkey generation where kids were given keys by parents to an empty home. They had less adult supervision than previous generations. They saw massive divorces, the War on Drugs, and other situations. Some call these people the MTV Generation when they were teens and young adults in the 1980's and the 1990's. Music videos were abundant. They saw the start of hip hop, punk, heavy metal, grunge, and other genres of music. They witnessed tons of video games and movies. Generation X witnessed the end of the Cold War and the growth of capitalism worldwide. Generation X had cultural angst, suffered more complications economically than Baby Boomers, and was a time in transition. Some call this generation as the 13th Generation too or the 13th generation since the American independence. Generation X saw birth rates declined in the West. The birth rate will increase by the 1980's. The oldest Generation X is 57 and the youngest Generation X person is 42 years old. Individuals born in the Generation X and millennial cusp years of the late 1970s and early to mid-1980s have been identified by the media as a "microgeneration" with characteristics of both generations. Names given to these "cuspers" include Xennials, Generation Catalano, and the Oregon Trail Generation.
Generation X are known to be hardworkers among men and women. They are a diverse demographic. Many of them had to take on many adult responsibilities as children, because many of their parents worked tons of hours. Some older Generation X people embraced Reaganomics at the end of the Carter Presidency years. Generation X people came of age during the 1980's crack epdiemic, the war on drugs, and the prison industrial complex where many African Americans were impacted in urban communities.
The U.S. Drug turf battles increased violent crime. crack addiction impacted communities and families. Between 1984 and 1989, the homicide rate for black males aged 14 to 17 doubled in the U.S., and the homicide rate for black males aged 18 to 24 increased almost as much. The crack epidemic had a destabilizing impact on families, with an increase in the number of children in foster care. In 1986, President Reagan signed the Anti-Drug Abuse Act to enforce strict mandatory minimum sentencing for drug users. He also increased the federal budget for supply-reduction efforts.
Fear of the impending AIDS epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s loomed over the formative years of Generation X. The emergence of AIDS coincided with Gen X's adolescence, with the disease first clinically observed in the U.S. in 1981. By 1985, an estimated one-to-two million Americans were HIV-positive. This particularly hit the LGBT community. As the virus spread, at a time before effective treatments were available, a public panic ensued. In a panic, bigotry grown. Today, we have a long way to go, but we have more facts on HIV/AIDS than ever before. Sex education programs in schools were adapted to address the AIDS epidemic. Generation X saw Atari, Commodore, and Apple with personal computer devices. They were among the first children to have busing to try to have integration in public schools. They witnessed Roots and Title IX (passed in 1972) helped young women especially to have athletic opportunities. Still, racism was very vicious back then like today in 2022. In the U.S., compared to the boomer generation, Generation X was more educated than their parents. The share of young adults enrolling in college steadily increased from 1983, before peaking in 1998. In 1965, as early boomers entered college, total enrollment of new undergraduates was just over 5.7 million individuals across the public and private sectors. By 1983, the first year of Gen X college enrollments (as per Pew Research's definition), this figure had reached 12.2 million. This was an increase of 53%, effectively a doubling in student intake. As the 1990s progressed, Gen X college enrollments continued to climb, with increased loan borrowing as the cost of an education became substantially more expensive compared to their peers in the mid-1980s. By 1988, there were 14.3 million people in high education in America. Women outpaced men in completion rates by this time.
Generation X saw struggles in the job market because of inflation, scandals, and economic changes. Some Generation X people were disaffected with politics because of political scandals. With the Berlin Wall gone, some believed in the myth that capitalist neoliberalism was the only economic system around to embrace. Generation X loved bikes, loved to explore, and were involved in fun. They were part of the early Internet system with floppy disks, America online, and a massive growth of business during the 1990's. Many of them were working, forming start up companies, and weren't slackers. In the U.S., Gen Xers were described as the major heroes of the September 11 terrorist attacks by author William Strauss. The firefighters and police responding to the attacks were predominantly from Generation X. Additionally, the leaders of the passenger revolt on United Airlines Flight 93 were also, by majority, Gen Xers. Author Neil Howe reported survey data which showed that Gen Xers were cohabiting and getting married in increasing numbers following the terrorist attacks. Gen X survey respondents reported that they no longer wanted to live alone. Now, Generation X are in middle age. Many of them live a balanced, active, and happy life. They are self reliant, savvy, and love the spirit of entrepreneurship. They grew up in the Golden Age of hip hop. Many of Generation X hip hop artists are Kane, EPMD, Jungle Brothers, Wu, and other artists.
Unlike millennials, Generation X was the last generation in the U.S. for whom higher education was broadly financially remunerative. In 2019, the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis published research (using data from the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances) demonstrating that after controlling for race and age, cohort families with heads of household with post-secondary education and born before 1980 have seen wealth and income premiums, while, for those after 1980, the wealth premium has weakened to a point of statistical insignificance (in part because of the rising cost of college). The income premium, while remaining positive, has declined to historic lows, with more pronounced downward trajectories among heads of household with postgraduate degrees. Hip hop back then was diverse with artists talking about politics, the streets, sex, and other issues. Public Enemy's Fight the Power song was an anthem for Generation X hip hop fans. Generation X popularized the independent film movement in the world.
In cinema, directors Kevin Smith, Quentin Tarantino, Sofia Coppola, John Singleton, Spike Jonze, David Fincher, Steven Soderbergh, and Richard Linklater have been called Generation X filmmakers. Smith is most known for his View Askewniverse films, the flagship film being Clerks, which is set in New Jersey circa 1994, and focuses on two convenience-store clerks in their twenties. Linklater's Slacker similarly explores young adult characters who were interested in philosophizing. Literature grew. Generation X people volunteer, help elderly members of their families, and they have an increased risk of heart attacks (because of high blood pressure, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease). About 1 in 7 of all Americans will develop chronic kidney disease in his or her lifetime. That's real. Generation X are usually the parents of Generation Z, and sometimes millennials. Jason Dorsey, who works for the Center of Generational Kinetics, observed that like their parents from Generation X, members of Generation Z tend to be autonomous and pessimistic. They need validation less than the millennials and typically become financially literate at an earlier age, as many of their parents bore the full brunt of the Great Recession. Well known Generation X human beings are: Kobe Bryant, Will Smith, Britney Spears, Martin Lawrence, Robert Downey Jr., Slam Hayek, Jay Z, Ice Cube, Tupac Shakur, Biggie, Tim Duncan, Usher, Aaliyah, Ron Artest, Venus Williams, Serena Williams, Kate Moss, Shaq, Mariah Carey, Malcolm Jamal Warner, Gwen Stefani, etc.
Historically Black Colleges and Universities are always a massive part of black culture. In America, black Americans and black people from across the world have been educated in them to be the best at what they are born to be. Many of the greatest black heroes in human history were educated in HBCUs too. Tons of my relatives have gone to HBCUs and graduated from them. I'm from Virginia, so HBCUs are always part of our culture and existence. The comraderie among black students, the systems of education, and the art of learning are all in display in those universities. Those locations represent a large part of the black freedom struggle as scholars, doctors, STEM experts, athletes, teachers, judges, social activists, and other contributors of society have been graduates of HBCUs. HBCUs help to give confidence among human beings, they help to inspire hope for the future, and they make us aware the value of Blackness. Blackness is priceless, and our black identities are always sacrosanct.
By Timothy
Friday, March 18, 2022
Sanctions Anyone? Imperialist Contradiction or the Unintended Consequence of Involuntary Decolonization
When US Soft Power Meddled in An Election - In Russia | Black Agenda Report
Black Caucus Fails on Ukraine | Black Agenda Report
Note by Me: I don't agree with this article praising the Putin regime, but I do agree with the site on sanctions.
By Timothy.
Late March 2022 News.
Now, people know of the truth about Putin. Putin is a murderer and a war criminal for his actions in Ukraine. Russian forces have destroyed a Ukrainian theater where men, women, and children have died. Many Russian troops have attacked civilians indiscriminately, even at a food storage location in Kyiv. ON March 18, 2022, Russia attacked Lviv for the first time. Lviv is in Western Ukraine near Poland. Civilians are being targeted after leaving cities. There were people killed in a bread line and markets where people are going to get food. Putin is definitely a hypocrite, a liar, and an evil tyrant. That is why many Russians are going to jail for peacefully protesting Putin. Putin is no progressive person. He is a far right ethnonationist dictator of Russia. We have many Ukrainians seeking foods and water. Many people say why care? We care because we deal with increasing oil prices, we care for human life, and we are opposed to far-right dictators like Putin who want to ruin democracy in the war. Therefore, the actions of a tyrant like Putin are not representative of all Russians. Tons of Russians are protesting Putin's war. We know that the racist, far right Azo Battalion is not representative of all Ukrainians. We know many Ukrainians who oppose racism and oppose the unjust, racist treatment of black Ukrainians at the Ukrainian border. We know that Ukraine is right to say that the Russian invasion of Ukraine is illegal, unjust, and morally reprehensible.
Now, anyone supporting Putin is a traitor to democracy and humanity period. Putin doesn't care about the humanitarian crisis in Eastern Europe or the people struggling to survive bombs. Putin cares about power. That is why even China's Xi have said that a peaceful resolution is necessary in this conflict. This is a war, the first war of this magnitude in Europe since the days of World War II. Russian military morale is low, and more than 7,000 Russian troops have been killed in Ukraine. That's a larger number that the deaths of U.S. soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan combined. Ukrainian residents have been around to defend themselves against an invading force.
Recently, Kanye West called Trevor Noah a racist anti-black slur (meaning a sellout) because Noah wanted Kanye West to get therapy for his abhorrent antics. The reality is Kanye West is real ironic using that slur against a person when Kanye West said that slavery was a choice, disrespected Harriet Tubman, supports Donald Trump (one of the most racist, sexist, and xenophobic Presidents in American history), and he seeks white acceptance constantly. Kanye West has a problem with narcissism, bad behavior, and obsessing over his ex-wife. Kanye West is a huge disappointment with as much talent he has with so much inner insecurities. Real men and real human beings don't act like that. A real man doesn't make multiple music videos where you glorify violence against a person dating your ex-wife. I don't agree with Pete on talking on another man's kids, but Kanye West should be confronted on his behavior too. I certainly don't agree with Pete making a joke about thinking about a sick act to a child. So, Pete is no role model to me. It is disrespectful for this person Pete to go around bragging to Kanye that he's sleeping in Kim Kardashian's bed when in my view, it's inappropriate for a stranger to go near someone else's kids in that fashion. A real man doesn't diminish the accomplishments of Harriet Tubman. I may don't agree on DL Hughley on his attacks on religion, but he is 100 percent right to call out Kanye on his mess. Kanye West needs therapy for real, and he needs to grow up as a man. Kanye West may fight journalists or unsuspecting people, but I have no fear of nothing on this Earth except God.
It is important to show flowers to Erma Franklin too. She was a great gospel and soul singer. She was so great that I do believe that TV One's Unsung should show an episode on her life story. She is the sister of the Queen of Soul Aretha Franklin too. She was born in Shelby, Mississippi. Later, she was raised in Detroit, Michigan. His father is the famous Reverend C. L. Franklin, and his mother is Barbara Siggers Franklin. She studied at Clark Atlanta University (then known as Clark College). Erna sang at New Bethel Church, which is one of the most influential black churches in the United States of America. Erna Franklin sang the original version of Piece of My Heart. That song was a woman's anthem, and it is a very powerful song with an important message. She loved her husband and 2 children. She worked at the Boysville Holy Cross Community Center. This location is a Detroit organizaiton that helps the homeless and disadvantaged minority children. She lived to be 64, and she passed away on September 7, 2002.
It is always important to acknowledge and celebrate heroes. Yesterday was the Birthday of the living legend and hero Sister Myrlie Evers-Williams, and she is 89 years old. For decades, she has been a civil rights activist and journalist who fought to seek justice for the 1963 murder of her husband Medgar Evers (a civil rights activist and a WWII Normandy invasion veteran in real life). She loves her 3 children, and she was born in the Deep South at Vicksburg, Mississippi. She was raised by her paternal grandmother, Annie McCain Beasley, and an aunt Myrlie Beasley Polk. She celebrated in church, played the piano, performed songs, and recited poetry. She attended the Magnolia school. By 1950, Evers-Williams graduated from Magnolia High School. She sang in a girls' vocal group from Mount Heroden Baptist Church in Vicksburg called the Chansonettes. On her first day of school, Myrlie met and fell in love with Medgar Evers. They married on Christmas Eve of 1951. Their love story is beautiful. Evers-Williams worked in the NAACP and became the total head of it in the 1990's being the first black American woman to head the NAACP completely. She fought for voting rights, an end to segregation, and desegregation of public universities. Myrlie Evers-Williams wanted equality in Mississippi and nationwide. Myrlie Evers-Williams' home was firebombed in Jackson, Mississippi after their organized boycott of downtown Jackson's white merchants. She moved into Claremont, California. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in sociology from Pomona College. She has helped the poor and the homeless for decades. Evers-Williams helped to increase the power of NAACP after years of decline. She helped to make the NAACP to be what it is now in the 21st century. She was awarded the NAACP's Spingarn Medal. Her books, her awards, and her wisdom are incredible. She is a role model for tons of human beings, because she kept the faith. Evers-Williams stands out as a hero in the 20th and the 21st centuries of time. Evers-Williams gave the invocation of the 2nd inauguration of President Barack Obama being the first woman and layperson to do it. We always honor her sacrifice and her late first husbands' sacrifices for our freedom. Without both of them, I would not be here to drink from where I want and to live where I want. Myrlie Evers-Williams is one of the greatest icons of human history indeed. I wish Sister Myrlie Evers-Williams more Blessings.
By Timothy
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