Friday, June 30, 2023
The Supreme Court bans Affirmative Action in college admissions.
Some breaking sad news is that the Supreme Court bans affirmative action in college admissions. We knew that this decision was coming. Brazil has affirmative action, but America doesn't involve educational services in colleges. The Court banned considering race as a factor in determining who can go into college. This decision is wrong, because racism is still in existence today, and race being a factor is about gaining people with diverse experiences, not some quota system. Affirmative action has nothing to do with quotas. It has to do with bring people of diverse colors and backgrounds (with high qualifications) the opportunities to live their best lives in college and other economic situations. Therefore, we have to deal with this evil decision for generations to come. Colleges and universities have to adjust and possibly bring up race neutral qualifications (which has been unsuccessful in diversifying universities), but we don't live in a meritocracy in American society. The hypocrisy of the decision is that the majority of Justices claims to want colorblindness, but the decision said that the experiences of a racial minority via a letter can be influential in judging an admission process. Justice Jackson is right to say that America has never been colorblind. The Constitution has never been colorblind as once the Constitution once considered people like me 3/5 humans. Justice Roberts made the point that you can a write a letter how racial issues inspired you to achieve things which is disingenuous. The Supreme Court didn't eliminate athletics, legacies, etc. as part of factors in determining admissions. The hypocrisy of the decision is that it doesn't ban affirmative action in the military but in college admissions. The fact is that racial discrimination exists, and interventions are necessary to eliminate structural oppression (after multiple generations of slavery and other forms of racist tyranny against black people in America).
President Biden defended his economic policies and said that he wants the DOJ to have total independence in his recent interview with MSNBC's Nicole Wallace. We live in a new era of our time. We have a crossroads in seeing our democracy further being under threat. Either we fight for our rights, or the fascists will win. There is no other way to put it. Today, we have climate change crisis. That is evident on how orange skies have existed in many sections of America from the wildfires in Canada. There is a huge rise in ocean temperatures, the loss of ice in the Arctic including Antarctic, and species dying worldwide. Recently, there has been 117 degrees in Dallas, Texas, and Dallas is in Northern Texas. The environment refutes laissez faire capitalism 100 percent, because no amount of competition and lax regulations will improve the environment. The only way to improve the environment is by overt public intervention, investments, and care for the environment. How people grow food, have clean water, cool their bodies, live in their homes all relate to this issue. Recently, more than 300 Middle Eastern refugees drowned in the Mediterranean for trying to survive. Human beings are the most intelligent, advanced species on Earth. We have this responsibility to revolutionize solutions in helping the environment or we know what the end result will be.
Trump is a fascist. Recently, in a speech on Saturday at Washington, D.C., Trump has called for the mass deportations of socialists and communists from America. This is illegal as people have the right to believe as he or she desire as part of the First Amendment. People have the right to agree or disagree with socialism and communism. That doesn't mean we suppress the rights of people with whom we disagree with. Trump said that he wants to destroy the communists. Trump wants socialists and communists forbidden to come to America. He wants to pass a new law for communists and socialists born here. Even Reagan never said this type of authoritarian nonsense in public in speeches. Trump is a clear danger to the stability of American society. This is not hyperbole. This far right movement is the biggest threat to our existence since the American Civil War. There is no other way to put it. No President in recent years said this in public. We know of the Nazi laws like the Denaturalization Law of 1933, etc. where Nazis banned Germans of their citizenship rights if they were Jewish, Roma, or socialists. Trump used to sleep with a book of Hitler's speeches in his bedroom. Trump is using the language of fascism, because Trump is a white racist fascist. This reality refutes the naive view of Chris Hedges desiring to ally with far-right extremists.
Rudy Giuliani met with the Special Counsel prosecutors probing Trump over the 2020 election. Some people believe that Giuliani is a person of interest involving the investigation. The New York Times reported on how the Special Counsel subpoenaed surveillance footage from the Bedminster location in the Trump documents probe. Kevin McCarthy is trying to backtrack from his previous comments about how he doesn't know if Trump can defeat Biden in the 2024 Presidential election. Now, he changed his mind and said that Trump is the strongest political opponent against Biden. This isn't true, because Biden defeated Trump during the 2020 election previously. The Trump agenda is part of a cult. Many people believe that Trump can do no wrong and is perfect literally. We know that Trump hoarding classified documents and tries to justify doing it represents a threat to national security. Kevin McCarthy is the House Majority Speaker now, and he is fulfilling his agenda of compromise, extremism, and supporting Trump (which is highly disappointing).
There is the story of Carlishia Hood and her son. A man yelled and punched Hood in the head multiple times in Chicago so powerfully that he could have killed the woman. Later, Hood's son shot him 3 times in the back. Later, the violent male (not man) died. Both Carlishia Hood and her son were charged, and later all charges were dropped (because the son defended the life of her mother). Now, Carlishia Hood is filling a lawsuit against the city of Chicago and the five police officers. Hood has every right to establish that lawsuit as her son bravely defended her life. Like usual, white racists, black manosphere self-haters, divestors, and others have lied and disrespected Carlishia Hood. We ignore the lies from those types and realize that the dignity of innocent black human life must be respected. Like always, we must defend the dignity of black women and black people collectively. This situation is a reminder that we must embrace a moral conduct that respects our autonomy of keeping your hands to yourself. What that male did to Hood has no justification, and we will stay true to our convictions as human beings. We all wish the best for Carlisha Hood and her son.
By Timothy
Wednesday, June 28, 2023
Events from Around the World.
CNN obtained the tape of the Trump 2021 conversation about classified documents. This tape was from the 2021 meeting in Bedminster, New Jersey. President Donald Trump discussed holding secret documents that he didn't declassify. Scholars believe that the Trump tape's showing Trump's words is in violation of the Espionage Act. The recording is part of the evidence that Special Counsel Jack Smith has in his indictment of Donald Trump. Smith is accusing Trump of mishandling classified information. The tape has a moment when Trump seems to indicate that he was holding a secret Pentagon document with plans to attack Iran. Trump talks on the tape for 2 minutes. Trump and his aides joked about Hillary Clinton's emails after the President said that the document was "secret information." Trump called the document "highly confidential." Trump has pleaded not guilty to the 37 counts related to the charge of mishandling classified documents kept at his Mar-a-Lago resort in Palm Beach, Florida. This is certainly a new development in the indictment, and Trump has shown his corruption in far-reaching ways for years and decades.
The Supreme Court ruled against giving state legislatures unchecked control over federal elections. The justices opposed the concept of an "independent state legislature" that can possibly overthrow the voices of the people. That theory was utilized by Trump supporters in the 2020 election in trying to steal that election. That theory would restrict the power of state courts to review certain election laws. This case was against the aim of Republicans in North Carolina fighting for a congressional district map that would favor their own GOP candidates. GOP extremists wanted to use the theory to theoretically overthrow election results via the state legislatures. The Justices ruled in a 6-3 vote that the North Carolina Supreme Court was acting within its authority in saying that the map constituted a partisan gerrymander under the state Constitution. Voting rights advocates and Democrats have praised the decision. President Barack Obama has agreed with the decision in the decision as the independent state legislature theory can harm democracy and end checks and balances in our governmental systems. These are shockingly good news involving the issue of voting rights. State legislatures have no right to appoint their own Presidential electors via fiat. We have rules for a reason.
The recent events of Ukraine and Russia are some of the most bizarre events of the entire war. What happened was the Wagner leader Yevgeny Prigozhin led a temporarily insurrection in Russia over claiming that some Russian generals killed some of his Wagner forces (the Russian generals deny this allegation). The Wagner forces once ruled over Rostov, Russia. After traveling north to Moscow, Prigozhin said that he is standing down. He said that he established an agreement with Russia, and he will go into Belarus. Belarus is a nation that is allied with Russia and Putin's agenda. The Wagner convoy is turning back in late June of 2023. Previously, Russian President Vladimir Putin vowed to punished those behind the armed uprising calling the uprising as treason. This was the most significant challenge to Putin's power in decades. The Russian state said that the case of Prigozhin will be dropped, and the Wagner leader will be sent into exile in Belarus (whose leader is the fascist Alexander Grigoryev Lukashenko). Other questions occur about this insurrection about will the Ukrainian military forces have a military advantage or not? In Ukraine, President Volodymir Zelensky claimed that Putin was afraid of Wagner's actions. Ukraine continues its counteroffensives in many directions. Putin said that amnesty will come to those Wagner forces who participated in Russia. Prigozhin had a hero's welcome in Rostov, Russia with many Russians celebrating him. Prigozhin and Putin obviously aren't heroes. They are both authoritarian extremists who have illegally invaded the nation of Ukraine.
There are many lessons from the failed coup in Russia. The insurrection was led by the reactionary Evgeny Prigozhin, the Russian Wagner mercenary force chief. The deal to end the coup was made by Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko, Priogozhin, and the Russian Secret Service (FSB). Prigozhin is forced to live in Belarus. The situation shows the vulnerability of the Putin regime. Putin wants the Wagner military force because the Wagner military are desperate and ruthless in their illegal fighting against Ukraine. Previously, Putin accused Priogzhin of acting in treason. Putin made the lie that Russia is repelling neo-Nazis and their patrons when Zelensky is Jewish in Ukraine. Prigozhin was angry over claiming that Defense Minister Shoigu wasn't waging the war aggressively enough. This comes during Ukraine's start of its counteroffensive. Putin and Prigozhin represent the social class of the oligarchy filled with criminality, corruption, and hatred of the working class. Putin always denounced the 1917 Russian Revolution as he is pro-Czar. Ukraine should be independent and free. Russia shouldn't be a pro-NATO puppet state or continue to be Putin reactionary regime either.
Five or six Secret Service agents have testified before the January 6th grand jury according to sources. This is important as Secret Service agents have a first eyewitness episode of what took place. The Secret Service will probably give information about how Trump wanted to go back to support the insurrectionists at the U.S. Capitol. The grand jury will decide whether to indict former President Donald Trump for his alleged role in the January 6th, 2021. Special counsel Jack Smith is continuing his investigation. Cassidy Hutchinson gave a sworn testimony to the January 6th committee in Congress. She said that Trump wanted Secret Service agents to drive him to the Capitol to join the terrorists, but Trump tried to grab the car's steering wheel and then reached for the clavicles of the driver (Secret Service agent Bobby Engel). Trump denied his story. Time will tell what the Secret Service agents saw Trump did during that situation.
By Timothy
Monday, June 26, 2023
History and Cultural Information on late June 2023.
1963 was the last year when President John Fitzgerald Kennedy would live on this Earth. By January 10, 1963, he met with President elect Juan Bosch of the Dominican Republic. On the next day, President Kennedy met with Labor Secretary W. Willard Wirtz and AFL-CIO President George Meany. On January 12, President Kennedy announced the appointment of David L. Lawrence as Chairman of the President's Committee on Equal Opportunity in Housing. Kennedy also appointed Phil N. Bornstein as Federal Housing Commissioner. January 14, 1963, was when President Kennedy gave his third and final State of the Union address. On February 10, the President and the First Lady attended the revue Beyond the Fringe in New York City. President Kennedy makes the seventh international trip of his presidency, travelling to San José, Costa Rica, where he attends the Conference of Presidents of the Central American Republics. This was from March 18-20. By June 10, 1963, President John F. Kennedy gave the commencement address at American University in Washington, D.C. In that speech, he called for the long-term goal of peace during the height of tensions during the Cold War. In that speech, he said the following words, "...By sponsoring this institution of higher learning for all who wish to learn, whatever their color or their creed, the Methodists of this area and the Nation deserve the Nation's thanks, and I commend all those who are today graduating...I have, therefore, chosen this time and this place to discuss a topic on which ignorance too often abounds and the truth is too rarely perceived--yet it is the most important topic on earth: world peace.
What kind of peace do I mean? What kind of peace do we seek? Not a Pax Americana enforced on the world by American weapons of war. Not the peace of the grave or the security of the slave. I am talking about genuine peace, the kind of peace that makes life on earth worth living, the kind that enables men and nations to grow and to hope and to build a better life for their children--not merely peace for Americans but peace for all men and women--not merely peace in our time but peace for all time....So, let us not be blind to our differences--but let us also direct attention to our common interests and to the means by which those differences can be resolved. And if we cannot end now our differences, at least we can help make the world safe for diversity. For, in the final analysis, our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this small planet. We all breathe the same air. We all cherish our children's future. And we are all mortal...."
On June 11, 1963, President Kennedy gave the history Civil Rights Address (which was his greatest speech) during the aftermath of the Birmingham Campaign and the recent Stand in the Schoolhouse Door incident and further calls for legislation to enact a civil rights bill. This was the first speech where an American President explicitly called for a civil rights bill and human equality in a very long time. He said these words, "...The heart of the question is whether all Americans are to be afforded equal rights and equal opportunities, whether we are going to treat our fellow Americans as we want to be treated...They are not yet freed from the bonds of injustice. They are not yet freed from social and economic oppression. And this Nation, for all its hopes and all its boasts, will not be fully free until all its citizens are free..."
From June 23 to July 2, 1963, President John F. Kennedy made his 8th international trip of his Presidency. From June 23-25, he visited Cologne, Frankfurt, and Wisebaden, West Germany. He has meetings with West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer and other officials. He visited Berlin by June 26 where he gave his famous "ich bin ein Berliner" speech. President Kennedy in that speech supported representative democracy and capitalism as a replacement for communist regimes around the world. From June 26-29, he visited Dublin, Wexford, Cork, Galway, and Limerick, Ireland and visited his ancestral home; also addressed the Oireachtas (parliament). From June 29-30, he came to the United Kingdom for an informal visit with British Harold Macmillan at his home in West Sussex, England. President Kennedy came to Naples and Rome, Italy where he met with Italian President Antonio Segni, and NATO officials (from July 1-2). July 2, 1963, was when President Kennedy had an audience with the newly elected Pope Paul VI at the Apostolic Palace in Vatican City (on July 2, 1963). President Kennedy met with a group of Boys Nation senators, including future U.S. President Bill Clinton, at the White House (on July 24, 1963). On August 7, 1963, Patrick Bouvier Kennedy, President and Mrs. Kennedy's third child, is born (five-and-a-half weeks prematurely) at the Otis Air Force Base Hospital in Bourne, Massachusetts. Shortly after birth, he develops symptoms of hyaline membrane disease, now called infant respiratory distress syndrome. 2 days later, Patrick Bouvier Kennedy passed at the Boston Children's Hospital. This tragedy changed President Kennedy forever and made him become closer to his wife. On August 28, 1963, the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom occurs in Washington, D.C., culminating in the now-famous "I Have A Dream" speech by Martin Luther King Jr. Estimates of the number of marchers range from 200,000 to 300,000. After the march, Dr. King meets with President Kennedy, alongside other civil rights activists.
On September 20, 1963, President Kennedy made his address before the United Nations General Assembly (JFK's second) stating various specific recommendations to "move the world to a just and lasting peace." On September 28, 1963, there was the Dedication of Clair A. Hill Whiskeytown Dam just outside Redding, California in Shasta County. Kennedy touted the reservoir as the largest of the Trinity County Dams" that "could be used to benefit the farms and lands further south." On October 3, 1963, President John F. Kennedy visited Cleburne County, Arkansas, to dedicate the Greers Ferry Dam. This is the last major public appearance before he was shot in Dallas. On October 7, 1963, President Kennedy signed the Partial Test Ban Treaty, prohibiting all nuclear weapons testing providing an exception for underground nuclear testing only. By October 8, 1963, President Kennedy announced an agreement with the Soviet Union to open negotiations for the sale of American wheat. By October 11, 1963, President Kennedy approves the recommendations made by Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Maxwell Taylor, and outlined in National Security Action Memoranda (NSAM 263, South Vietnam), to (1) conclude a complete US military withdrawal from Vietnam by December 31, 1965; (2) that the first of these troops, numbering 1,000, will have left Vietnam by December 31, 1963; (3) that a public announcement will be issued, to set these decisions in concrete. This policy proved that President Kennedy never desired to send about 200,000 troops into Vietnam. He wanted to end U.S. troop involvement in the war by 1965. On November 4, 1963, in a private diction at the Oval Office, following the assassination of South Vietnam President Diem, President Kennedy admits that the US Government had been discussing for three months the implementation of a coup d'état in S. Vietnam, with both dissenting and approving views, and which, at length, the plan to depose the leader of S. Vietnam had been authorized and approved by President Kennedy.
By November 14, President Kennedy attends a dedication ceremony at the border of Maryland and Delaware marking the completion of the Northeast Expressway and the Delaware Turnpike, which together form part of Interstate 95 and provided a limited-access route between Baltimore and the approach to the Delaware Memorial Bridge. Both roads were renamed the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway a month later following his assassination. On November 18, President Kennedy travels to Tampa, Florida. There, he visited the military's Strike Command Headquarters, attended a luncheon at the officer's club, made a speech at the Florida Chamber of Commerce, and another to the United Steelworker's Union. On November 21, 1963, there is another important event going on. President Kennedy asks his economic advisers to prepare the War on Poverty for 1964. Less than two months after the President's assassination, President Johnson introduced the legislation in his first State of the Union address on January 8, 1964, and two of the major pieces of related legislation – the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 and the Social Security Act of 1965 – are signed into law on August 20, 1964, and July 30, 1965, respectively. President John F. Kennedy started the War on Poverty which refutes far rights claims that Kennedy was a total conservative. JFK said in one speech that he was a liberal. So, President John F. Kennedy was a liberal President. On November 22, 1963, the world would change forever, and President John F. Kennedy would witness his final day on Earth.
On Thursday afternoon, on April 4, 1968, Dr. King was staying in room 306 at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis. The motel was owned by businessman Walter Bailey and was named after his wife. Reverend Ralph Abernathy, a colleague and friend, later told the House Select Committee on Assassinations that he and King had stayed in Room 306 at the Lorraine Motel so often that it was known as the "King–Abernathy Suite." According to biographer Taylor Branch, King's last words were to musician Ben Branch, who was scheduled to perform that night at a planned event. King said, "Ben, make sure you play 'Take My Hand, Precious Lord' in the meeting tonight. Play it real pretty." According to Rev. Samuel Kyles, who was standing several feet away, King was leaning over the balcony railing in front of Room 306 and was speaking with Rev. Jesse Jackson when the shot rang out. King was struck in the face at 6:01 p.m. by a single .30-06 bullet fired from a Remington Model 760 rifle. The bullet entered through King's right cheek, breaking his jaw and several vertebrae as it traveled down his spinal cord, severing his jugular vein and major arteries in the process, before lodging in his shoulder. The force of the shot ripped King's necktie off. King fell backward onto the balcony, unconscious. Abernathy heard the shot from inside the motel room and ran to the balcony to find King on the deck, bleeding profusely from the wound in his cheek. Jesse Jackson stated after the shooting that he cradled King's head as King lay on the balcony, but this account was disputed by other colleagues of King; Jackson later changed his statement to say that he had "reached out" for King. Andrew Young, a colleague from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, first believed King was dead, but found he still had a pulse. King was rushed to St. Joseph's Hospital, where doctors opened his chest and performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He never regained consciousness and died at 7:05 p.m. According to Branch, King's autopsy revealed that his heart was in the condition of a 60-year-old man rather than that of a 39-year-old such as King, which Branch attributed to the stress of King's 13 years in the civil rights movement. Shortly after the shot was fired, witnesses saw a man fleeing from the room house across the street from the Lorraine motel (the federal government said that this person was James Earl Ray. Other people dispute this). Ray was renting a room in the boarding house.
Police found a package dumped close to the site that included a rifle and binoculars, both with Ray's fingerprints. Ray had purchased the rifle under an alias six days earlier. A worldwide manhunt was triggered that culminated in Ray's arrest at Heathrow Airport, London, two months later. On March 10, 1969, he pleaded guilty to the first-degree murder of Martin Luther King Jr., which was later recanted. King's widow, Coretta, had difficulty informing her children that their father was dead. She received a large number of telegrams, including one from Lee Harvey Oswald's mother that she regarded as the one that had touched her the most. In the civil rights movement, many people though the strategy of nonviolence ended with the King assassinations. Others didn't believe in that assumption and followed through with the Poor People's Campaign. Many black leaders wanted to continue Dr. King's work of promoting nonviolence. Presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy gave a speech to prevent violence in Indianapolis. He gave his words as a means to show that Americans can come together after the tragedy of Dr. King's unjust assassination to promote solutions to problems involving racism, the war in Vietnam, divisions among age groups, etc. Robert Kennedy quoted the ancient Greek playwright Aeschylus the following words, "Even in our sleep, pain which cannot forget falls drop by drop upon the heart until, in our own despair, against our will, comes wisdom through the awful grace of God."
Senator Robert F. Kennedy wanted people to send prayers to the King Family and improve the conditions of American society. The next day, Kennedy gave a prepared response, "On the Mindless Menace of Violence", in Cleveland, Ohio. That speech condemned violence and sought constructive avenues in establishing true social change in society in general. President Lyndon B. Johnson was in the Oval Office that evening, planning a meeting in Hawaii with Vietnam War military commanders. After press secretary George Christian informed him at 8:20 p.m. of the assassination, he canceled the trip to focus on the nation. He assigned Attorney General Ramsey Clark to investigate the assassination in Memphis. He made a personal call to King's wife, Coretta Scott King, and declared April 7 a National Day of Mourning on which the U.S. flag would be flown at half-staff. Racists like Maddox and Reagan disrespected Dr. King even after his assassination.
On April 8, King's widow Coretta Scott King and her four young children led a crowd estimated at 40,000 in a silent march through the streets of Memphis to honor King and support the cause of the city's black sanitation workers. Governor Lester Maddox of Georgia called King "an enemy of our country" and threatened to "personally raise" the state capitol flag back from half-staff. California Governor Ronald Reagan described the assassination as "a great tragedy that began when we began compromising with law and order and people started choosing which laws they'd break." South Carolina senator Strom Thurmond wrote to his constituents: "We are now witnessing the whirlwind sowed years ago when some preachers and teachers began telling people that each man could be his own judge in his own case."
Immediately after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the 1968 rebellions happened. These rebellions were unprecedented and so large, that it was the largest rebellions in American history, other than the American Civil War. Many civil rights leaders condemned the rebellion like James Farmer Jr. as in opposition to the dream of Dr. King. As Dr. King has said, destruction of innocent persons and innocent property have no justification, but these crimes are derivative crimes from the greater crimes done by a racist society that terrorizes black Americans for years and centuries in America alone.
Disturbances happened in New York City, but New York City mayor John Lindsay came into Harlem telling black residents that he regretted King's death and was working against poverty. He is credited for averting major riots in New York with this direct response although minor disturbances still erupted in the city. In Indianapolis, Indiana, Senator Robert F. Kennedy's speech on the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. is credited with preventing a riot there. In Boston, rioting may have been averted by a James Brown concert taking place on the night of April 5, with Brown, Mayor Kevin White, and City Councilor Tom Atkins speaking to the Garden crowd about peace and unity before the show.
In Los Angeles, the Los Angeles Police Department and community activists averted a repeat of the 1965 riots that devastated portions of the city. Several memorials were held in tribute to King throughout the Los Angeles area on the days leading into his funeral service. Washington D.C. had a huge rebellion. 110 cities saw unrest in the world. In D.C., there was many jobs giving to American Americans by the early 20th century. Middle class African-American neighborhoods prospered. Despite the end of legally mandated racial segregation, the historic neighborhoods of Shaw, the H Street Northeast corridor, and Columbia Heights, centered at the intersection of 14th and U Streets Northwest, remained the centers of African-American commercial life in the city.
As word of King's murder in Memphis spread on the evening of Thursday, April 4, crowds began to gather at 14th and U. Kwame Ture led members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) to stores in the neighborhood demanding that they close out of respect. Although polite at first, the crowd fell out of control and began breaking windows. By 11pm, widespread looting had begun.
Mayor-Commissioner Walter Washington ordered the damage cleaned up immediately the next morning. However, anger was still evident on Friday morning when Kwame Ture addressed a rally at Howard, warning of violence. After the close of the rally, crowds walking down 7th Street NW and in the H Street NE corridor came into violent confrontations with police. By midday, numerous buildings were on fire, and firefighters were prevented from responding by crowds attacking with bottles and rocks.
Crowds of as many as 20,000 overwhelmed the District's 3,100-member police force, and 11,850 federal troops and 1,750 D.C. National Guardsmen under orders of President Lyndon B. Johnson arrived on the streets of D.C. to assist them. Marines mounted machine guns on the steps of the Capitol and Army soldiers from the 3rd Infantry guarded the White House. At one point, on April 5, rioting reached within two blocks of the White House before rioters retreated. The occupation of Washington was the largest of any American city since the Civil War. Mayor Washington imposed a curfew and banned the sale of alcohol and guns in the city. By the time the city was considered pacified on Sunday, April 8, some 1,200 buildings had been burned, including over 900 stores. Damages reached $27 million.
The riots utterly devastated Washington's inner-city economy. With the destruction or closing of businesses, thousands of jobs were lost, and insurance rates soared. Made uneasy by the violence, city residents of all races accelerated their departure for suburban areas, depressing property values. Crime in the burned out neighborhoods rose sharply, further discouraging investment. It would decades after 1968, and remains of the rebellion still remains.
On April 5, there was violence in the West Side of Chicago. It eventually expanded to consume a 28-block stretch of West Madison Street, with additional damage occurring on Roosevelt Road. The North Lawndale and East Garfield Park neighborhoods on the West Side and the Woodlawn neighborhood on the South Side experienced the majority of the destruction and chaos. The rioters broke windows, looted stores, and set buildings (both abandoned and occupied) on fire. Firefighters quickly flooded the neighborhood, and Chicago's off-duty firefighters were told to report for duty. There were 36 major fires reported between 4:00 pm and 10:00 pm alone. The next day, Mayor Richard J. Daley imposed a curfew on anyone under the age of 21, closed the streets to automobile traffic, and halted the sale of guns or ammunition.
Approximately 10,500 police were sent in, and by April 6, more than 6,700 Illinois National Guard troops had arrived in Chicago with 5,000 regular Army soldiers from the 1st Armored and 5th Infantry Divisions being ordered into the city by President Johnson. The General in charge declared that no one was allowed to have gatherings in the riot areas, and he authorized the use of tear gas. Daley gave police the authority "to shoot to kill any arsonist or anyone with a Molotov cocktail in his hand ... and ... to shoot to maim or cripple anyone looting any stores in our city."
By the time order was restored on April 7, 11 people had died, 500 had been injured, and 2,150 had been arrested. Over 200 buildings were damaged in the disturbance with damage costs running up to $10 million. The south side ghetto had escaped the major chaos mainly because the two large street gangs, the Blackstone Rangers and the East Side Disciples, cooperated to control their neighborhoods. Many gang members did not participate in the rioting, due in part to King's direct involvement with these groups in 1966.
There rebellion in Baltimore existed. Then the National Guard came to stop it. By Sunday evening, 5,000 paratroopers, combat engineers, and artillerymen from the XVIII Airborne Corps in Fort Bragg, North Carolina, specially trained in tactics, including sniper school, were on the streets of Baltimore with fixed bayonets, and equipped with chemical (CS) disperser backpacks. Two days later, they were joined by a Light Infantry Brigade from Fort Benning, Georgia. With all the police and troops on the streets, the situation began to calm down. The Federal Bureau of Investigation reported that H. Rap Brown was in Baltimore driving a Ford Mustang with Broward County, Florida tags, and was assembling large groups of angry protesters and agitating them to escalate the rioting. In several instances, these disturbances were rapidly quelled through the use of bayonets and chemical dispersers by the XVIII Airborne units. That unit arrested more than 3,000 detainees, who were turned over to the Baltimore Police. A general curfew was set at 6 p.m. in the city limits and martial law was enforced. As rioting continued, African American plainclothes police officers and community leaders were sent to the worst areas to prevent further violence. By the end of the unrest, 6 people had died, 700 were injured, and 5,800 had been arrested; property damage was estimated at over $12 million. Spiro T. Agnew was the Governor of Maryland and scapegoated black leaders for the situations. Nixon choose him to be Vice Presidential candidate. Violence existed in Kansas City, Detroit, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Trenton, Wilmington (in Delaware when the National Guard occupied the city for 9.5 months), Louisville, and other places. Lyndon Johnson met with many leaders to cause peace. He met with Vice President Hubert Humphrey, U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren, Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, and federal judge Leon Higginbotham; government officials such as Secretary Robert Weaver and D.C. Mayor Walter Washington; legislators Mike Mansfield, Everett Dirksen, William McCulloch; and civil rights leaders Whitney Young, Roy Wilkins, Clarence Mitchell, Dorothy Height, and Walter Fauntroy. Notably absent were representatives of more radical groups such as SNCC and CORE. At the meeting, Mayor Washington asked President Johnson to deploy troops to the District of Columbia. Richard Hatcher, the newly elected black mayor of Gary, Indiana, spoke to the group about white racism and his fears of racially motivated violence in the future. Many of these leaders told Johnson that socially progressive legislation would be the best response to the crisis. The meeting concluded with prayers at the Washington National Cathedral. According to press secretary George Christian, Johnson was not surprised by the riots that followed: "What did you expect? I don't know why we're so surprised. When you put your foot on a man's neck and hold him down for three hundred years, and then you let him up, what's he going to do? He's going to knock your block off. The Fair Housing Act of 1968 or the Civil Rights Act of 1968 was passed after the start of the rebellions. Washington, D.C. and other cities had decades of infrastructure damage.
After the 1968 rebellion, we see the political polarization continue in our time. The far-right movement exploited those events to join the Republican Party and support Nixon. There were white flight and more middle class and rich black people moving into the suburbs. There was a tendency to obsess with "law and order" when we needed law and justice along with compassion. Deindustrialization and inflation from the Vietnam War crippled many urban areas. The roots of the modern-day culture wars existed. The Black Power movement including the Black Panthers reached their zenith during the aftermath of the 1968 rebellions. 55 years later, we have seen still massive reactionaries from the Proud Boys to the agenda of Ron DeSantis. Also, progressive movements for social change have existed in 2023 too.
To know about computers for real, you have to understand about the major parts of a computer. First, one major part of the computer is the Motherboard. The motherboard is a circuit board through which all the different components of a computer communicate and keeps everything together. The input and output devices are plugged into the motherboard for keep everything functioning properly. The input unit part of the computer is interesting. The motherboard is a green colored printed circuit board. All components of the computer are connected to the motherboard. The Motherboard has the memory slots, sockets, chipset, clock generation, expansion slots, storage connectors, etc.
Computers must respond to commands given to them in the form of numbers, alphabets, images, etc. This is done via input units or devices like keyboards, mouses, joysticks, etc. These inputs are then processed and converted to computer language and then the response is the output in the language that we understand or the one we have programmed the computer with. The result of the command we provide the computer with through the input device is called the output. The most used is the monitor since we give commands using the keyboard and after the processing, the result or outcome is displayed on the monitor. Output units can be webcams, microplanes, the printer, the monitor, speakers, headphones, etc. The Central Processing Unit (or CPU) is the brain of the computer. The CPU is a small chip placed on the socket of the motherboard to deal with calculations and input/output operations to be done to process data. Microprocessors are small sized CPU chips in modern computers. No action can take place in a computer without the permission and execution is the main processing unit.
A microprocessor houses the two components of a processor, processing unit and the control unit, on a single small IC. Modern microprocessors come as single core or multi-core. A multi-core microprocessor such as the Intel Core i7, have more than one processing units (cores) present on a single chip.
The CPU has 3 components that help in the smooth functioning of the CPU. The components of the CPU are the memory unit, the control unit, and the arithmetic and logical unit. The memory unit is the place where the information entered via input devices are saved it. The information is passed to other parts of the computer. When the output is ready, it is saved in the memory before the result is given to the user.
The control unit controls the functioning component of the computer. It collects the data entered, leads it on for processing after the processing is done, receives the output, and provides it to the user. So, getting instructions, decoding them, signaling the execution, and receiving the output is done by the control center and hence it is called the center of all processing actions that happen in the computer. The arithmetic and logical unit does mathematical calculations, arithmetic operations, comparison of data, and decision-making. It has circuits that are built for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and other calculations.
The computer has the GPU or the Graphics Processing Unit. The Graphics Processing Unit or the video card helps generate high-end visuals like the ones in video games. Good graphics like these are also helpful for people who have to execute their work through images like 3D modelers and others who use resource-intensive software. It generally communicates directly with the monitor. Also, the graphic processing unit is an output device connected to a computer which displays the desired graphics output produced by the graphics processing unit of the computer. Generally known as a monitor, a computer display can be an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) based or LED (Light Emitting Diode) based. Earlier computer display monitors were based on Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) but these became obsolete as more compact and advanced LCD and LED panels gained popularity.
RAM is the random access memory. RAM had volatile memory, because it gets erased every time the computer restarts. RAM stores the data regarding the programs which are frequently accessed programs and processed. It helps programs to start up and close quickly. It being slower has made it more obsolete these days. The computers need to store all their data and they have either a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SDD) for this purpose. Hard disk drives are disks that store data, and this data is read by a mechanical arm. Solid-State drives are like SIM cards in mobile phones. They have no moving parts and are faster than hard drives. There is no need for a mechanical arm to find data on a physical location on the drive and therefore this takes no time at all. CDs and DVD drives can be output devices too. The storage unit of a computer stores all the data and the instructions required for processing. It keeps intermediate results of processing. Hardware is very important in computers too. The Hardware deal with the monitor, motherboard, CPU, RAM Memory, power supply, CD-ROM Drive, hard disk, USB drives, Keyboard, mouse, etc. The software are operating systems applications, and games like MS Office, Adobe, computer games, Apple, etc. The CPU is measured in MHz (or megahertz) and GHz (or gigahertz). A hertz is a cycle per second. Mega means 1 million cycles per second, and giga would be 1 billion cycles per second. Empty RAMs 4 GB. is based on byte (or 8 bits). A K is 1,000, MB or megabyte is 1 million, etc. ROM is Read Only Memory of contains things that the computer needs to operate.
The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is responsible for starting your computer. When you press the power button, the BIOS comes into action. It first checks that all the components are connected are working fine. It then loads the operating system. It also behaves as a middleman between and the operating system and the hardware components of the computer.
BIOS is actually a firmware (software) which can be stored either on a non-volatile memory chip present on the motherboard. The chip is a flash memory chip or EEPROM on which the data can be rewritten but it stays intact when we cut the power, unlike the normal RAM. This facilitates an easy upgrade of the BIOS firmware.
There are many parts of a smartphone. There is the display of the smartphone. It is an internal device component. Display technologies do have 2 main types. They are called LCDs (IPS technology with its variations) and those based on LEDs (AMOLED or Super AMOLED and its variations). The difference is that, on an LCD-based display, there is a backlight shining through some polarizers and filters. By manipulating the crystal display, you can see a boatload of different colors on the other side. In layman’s terms is that the light is not being generated by the display itself; it is being caused by the light behind the display, and only some of it is coming from the other side.
Now, on an LED-based display, the light-emitting-diodes are doing all the magic. All the pixels that you can or cannot see are being emitted by these minuscule light-emitting-diodes (also known as LEDs, producing red, green, and blue colors).
Over here, the display itself generates different and vibrant colors. The advantage of AMOLED or Super AMOLED displays over its IPS LCD counterparts is that the individual pixels can turn themselves off. By doing that, they’re not using up any battery, which is why most people recommend using dark mode and dark wallpapers on phones with AMOLED panels.
However, with an LCD, if you’re seeing black, the crystal display is manipulated so that none of the light gets through. However, the light behind the display is still being generated, meaning that the smartphone will be using small bits of the battery. The battery of a smartphone typically has lithium-ion technology. Some are removable or not. The System on a chip (or SoC) is made up of the smartphone's CPU and GPU, LTE modem, display processor, video processor, and other silicon that makes up the functional system of a phone. Smartphone needs RAM and memory (the system storage) to function. Many mobile devices have LPDDR4X RAM, while some high-end smartphones ship with LPDDR5 RAM. ‘LP’ stands for ‘Low-Power,’ reducing the total voltage of these chips, making them highly efficient, and giving mobile phones extended battery life.
LPDDR4X is more efficient and powerful than LPDDR4, while LPDDR5 is the holy grail of RAM, resulting in unprecedented speeds and efficiency. LPDDR5 is more expensive to produce, though, which is why you only see them in flagship smartphones. There are newer generations of RAM like LPDDR6. Some smartphones can have memory from 32GB to 256GB. Smartphones have modem to deal with communication (including receive and send text messages). The 9 LTE modem is the fastest modem out now. Smartphones with cameras have the sensor (that detects light), the lens (the part which light comes though), and the image processor. Megapixels on the smartphone helps with the camera to produce images. The sensors have the accelerometer, gyroscope, digital compass, ambient light sensor, and the proximity sensor.
There were two funeral services of Dr. King on April 9, 1968. The first memorial service took place on April 5, 1968, at the R.S. Lewis Funeral Home in Memphis, Tennessee. The 2 major funeral services took place afterwards. A state funeral or lying in state was refused to King by the racist then-governor of Georgia Lester Maddox, who had considered King an "enemy of the country" and had stationed 64 riot-helmeted state troopers at the steps of the state capitol in Atlanta to protect state property. He also initially refused to allow the state flag to be lowered at half-staff, but was compelled to do so when told that the lowering was a federal mandate. There were concerns that U.S. president Lyndon Johnson might be the subject of protests, over the conduct of the war in Vietnam, which would disrupt the funeral. Vice President Hubert Humphrey attended on his behalf. Coretta Scott King visited the funeral home at R.S. Lewis Funeral Home in Memphis. Robert F. Kennedy arranged Coretta Scott King to arrive in Memphis. Ralph Abernathy offered a prayer while tears came down from Andrew Young's face. Later that day, police and National Guardsmen escorted the long procession of cars which carried King's body to the airport for the flight to Atlanta.
The first, private service began at 10:30 a.m. EST at Ebenezer Baptist Church, and was filled with some 1,300 people; among the dignitaries present were labor leaders, foreign dignitaries, entertainment and sports figures and leaders from numerous religious faiths. The service began with Reverend Ralph Abernathy delivering a sermon which called the event "one of the darkest hours of mankind." At his widow's request, King eulogized himself: His last sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Church, a recording of his famous "Drum Major Instinct" sermon, given on February 4, 1968, was played at the funeral. In that sermon he makes a request that at his funeral no mention of his awards and honors be made, but that it be said that he tried to "feed the hungry", "clothe the naked", "be right on the [Vietnam] war question", and "love and serve humanity." Per King's request, his good friend Mahalia Jackson sang his favorite hymn, "Take My Hand, Precious Lord", though not as part of the morning funeral service but later that day at a second open-air service at Morehouse College. The private funeral was followed by the loading of King's casket onto a simple wooden farm wagon pulled by two mules named Belle and Ada from Gee's Bend. The procession down the three-and-a-half miles from Ebenezer Baptist Church to Morehouse College was observed by over 100,000 people; the Southern Christian Leadership Conference commissioned a security detail to manage the crowd, while the Atlanta Police Department limited their participation to management of automobile traffic and to accompany dignitaries attending the events. The procession was silent, although it was accompanied on occasion by the singing of freedom songs which were frequently sung during the marches in which King had participated. Among the persons leading the procession, besides the immediate family of the civil rights leader, were Jesse Jackson, who held the flag of the United Nations, John Lewis, and Andrew Young the future mayor of Atlanta and ambassador to the United Nations. Labor leader and civil rights activist Walter Reuther also participated in King's funeral procession. The procession passed by the Georgia State Capitol building.
At the conclusion of the ceremony, the group sang "We Shall Overcome." The public and final service was held at Morehouse College, where King was eulogized by college president Benjamin Mays, who had given the benediction after King's "I Have a Dream" speech. Benjamin Mays was a civil rights activist and a friend to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. too.
Following the funeral, King's casket was loaded into a hearse for his final trip to the South-View Cemetery, a burial place predominantly reserved for African Americans. His remains were exhumed in 1970 and reburied at their current location at the plaza between the King Center and Ebenezer, and his widow Coretta was buried next to him in 2006.
By Timothy
Saturday, June 24, 2023
Friday, June 23, 2023
On Life and Culture.
The Special Counsel will disclose any promises of immunity or leniency made to witnesses. The Special Counsel has to reveal its evidence during the course of the legal situation. The trial is expected to start in August of 2023. So, the Department of Justice is sharing evidence with Trump's legal team. The DOJ turned over the discovery early, because they want a quick trial. This does mean that Trump might try to tamper with witnesses. The judge has issued orders on what Trump can and can't do with the evidence. Trump is being accused of violating many laws like the grand jury subpoena. If Trump tries to tamper with witnesses, then that is completely illegal. He can go to jail for that. That is a crime. Former Trump Campaign leader named Brown will testify in the DOJ probe into the January 6th insurrection. He will go to the grand jury.
It a shame when Adam Schiff was unjustly censured by the GOP House. Schiff did nothing wrong. Schiff supported a legal Congressional investigation into the anti-democratic, treasonous actions of Donald Trump. Trump is the first President who was impeached twice by the United States Congress. He is being investigated for alleged crimes in multiple states. Seeing extremists like Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene and Lauren Boebert arguing with each other shows that GOP MAGA pseudo views are illogical and archaic. Greene is alleged to call Boebert a profane word (the b word) which shows her hypocrisy involving her claim to have some sense of decorum. Greene has no decorum and acted unprofessional on the Capitol floor. It's just wild. The House GOP members are divided after the Trump indictment, and Trump's recently public statements of admitting seeking to get classified documents for himself after he is out of office. The camera showed both women arguing. The truth is that the people want solutions to problems from domestic to foreign policy issues. New laws from Biden have grown jobs and caused the lowest unemployment rates among every demographic (including black Americans too) in American history. We have a long way to go, but we are far better than during the Trump Presidency.
The Coast Guard found debris near the Titanic wreckage after a catastrophic implosion. Some sad news is that the Coast Guard and other experts believe that the men in the underwater vehicle mostly likely passed away before of the lack of oxygen inside the vehicle. The Titanic bound submersible was missing on Sunday. Five people were on board. The deaths of everyone on board has been said by U.S. Coast Guard Rear Admiral John Mauger on Thursday. A remotely operated vehicle found the tail cone of the Titan about 1,600 feet away from the bow of the shipwreck. The tour company OceanGate Expeditions said that the five passengers were Hamish Harding, Shahzada Dawood and his son Suleman Dawood, Paul-Henri Nargolet, and OceanGate CEO Stockton Rush. The people on the trip wanted to explore the wreckage of the Titanic, located about 13,000 feet below sea level in the North Atlantic Ocean. Authorities in Canada and America are diligently doing all that they can to try to retrieve the machine and the human beings.
We know that the far right is wrong on many issues. Also, it is important to show how the moderates are wrong too. Obviously, the far right has more repugnant views than the moderates, but it is time ot evaluate the moderates too. Moderates believe in the myth that the status quo (in its rules of tokenism and capitalist exploitation) can somehow how human liberation. History teaches us that this concept is not true. Real change comes by revolutionary means of confronting evil forthrightly and building a system of justice. There must be a revolutionary reconstruction of society at large to see the real change that we all seek. The environment is the refutation of laissez fair capitalism. The reason is that free markets and other policies will not stop lead poisoning, will not stop pesticides harming plants, and will not end the rapid climate change realities causing record heat in the Deep South and record wildfires in Canada. The moderate may talk about justice, but the moderate always seek to create no waves in seeking a perversion of real justice in the world. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. always in his speeches and literature condemned the views of the moderate as seeking only stability and the status quo instead of true freedom and justice. Some moderates rightfully condemn Putin as an anti-free speech, anti-peaceful protest, and war mongering war criminal, but they are silent on Western imperialism. Likewise, the fake anti-war left either supports Putin or tries to sugarcoat his over war crimes and imperialism in Ukraine. So, the MAGA GOP extremists are wrong for their overt bigotry, and the moderates are wrong for their compromise and embrace of total centrism.
Yesterday was the Birthday of Sister Tamika Catchings, and she is 44 years old. She is one of the greatest basketball players in history who won tons of awards and gold medals in her career. She was born in Stratford, New Jersey. She played for both Adlai E. Stevenson High School and Duncanville High School, where she was named a WBCA All-American. She was the first player at any level in history to be officially credited with scoring a quintuple-double (25 points, 18 rebounds, 11 assists, 10 steals, and 10 blocks). She played with the Tennessee Lady Volunteers college basketball team from 1997 to 2001. She was a collegiate All-American player too. She earned the Naismith College Player of the Year award, the AP Player of the Year award, the USBWA Women's National Player of the year award, and the WBCA Player of the Year award in 2000. She was part of the 1997-1998 Tennessee National championship team that was undefeated. She played her entire WNBA career for the Indiana Fever. She was the WNBA champion in 2012. She was the WNBA Finals MVP in 2012 too. She was a five-time WNBA Defensive Player of the Year, was a 10-time WNBA All-Star, was part of the WNBA Anniversary team in its 10th, 15th, 20th, and 25th years. She was the 8-time WNBA steals leader, and she won 4 gold medals in the Olympics (in 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2016). She was inducted into the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 2020. She has helped her community, loves her husband Parnell Smith, and is a Christian. Her philanthropy work has been inspirational in real life too. Her Catch the Stars Foundation helps children with fitness, sports, mentorship, and literacy programs. I wish Sister Tamika Catchings more Blessings.
By Timothy
Wednesday, June 21, 2023
Late June 2023 News.
Some breaking news is that Hunter Biden has been recently indicted. Hunter Biden is President Biden's son. Hunter Biden has plead guilty to two tax misdemeanors after years of willful failure to pay federal income taxes. He is working with prosecutors to avoid trial for violation of the federal law after his purchase of a handgun at a time when he was addicted to drugs. The firearm was later thrown into the dumpster by his then-girlfriend, who is also his brother's widow. The attorney who led the Hunter Biden probe is a Republican. The Republicans are angry that Hunter Biden wasn't thrown the book act or charged with massive felonies. The reality is that Trump's actions are much worse than Hunter Biden. Hunter Biden never conspired to steal the 2020 election, Hunter Biden never stole classified documents and originally refused to send them back to the government, and Hunter Biden never faced 37 felony counts. Hunter has agreed to have a deal where he can't own a gun for life, he is required to not use drugs, and other actions. Therefore, Hunter's errors don't have any justification, but Trump is among the top 3 worst Presidents in American history. Trump actually wanted to abolish the Constitution in trying to steal the 2020 election.
The racism in the GOP is overt. While we are celebrating Juneteenth, Ron DeSantis and Mike Pence want to honor a Confederate general. DeSantis and Pence want a military base in North Carolina to be named after Braxton Bragg. Bragg was a slave owning former Confederate general. The fort is now called Fort Liberty. Right now, a Florida school banned the inaugural poem made by Amanda Gorman. We must fight to make sure that history is shown in America. We have GOP attacks on the teaching on slavery, civil rights, and voting rights. Recently, black people legitimately refuted Nikki Haley's like that Barack Obama personally set minorities back by singling them out as victims instead of empowering them. The rest of Haley's nonsense is GOP racist nonsense, because she believes in the racist myth that any black person who is not a Republican extremist has a victim mentality of constantly lacking responsible for actions. The truth is that Barack Obama is quite conservative on the issue of responsibility. Also, people from across the political spectrum support personal responsibility, but we believe that systematic racism still exists in the world (that has harmed the lives of black people back then and now). Two things can be true. It is true that we have the responsibility to do right, but it is also true that we don't live in a complete meritocracy in society. The vast majority of poor people work very hard and have great integrity, but they lack economic justice because of the system of oppression. There are victims of racism and economic oppression in the world today, but we don't embrace a victim mentality. The racists embrace a whitewashing of history and reality mentality. Downplaying American racism is racism plain and simple. Ironically, a progressive immigration policy caused Nikki Haley's father to come to America to teach at an HBCU. Without that progressive law, Nikki would not be here in America. Haley never wanted to remove the Confederate flag in South Carolina until the Emmanuel AME church mass murder of innocent black people. Haley's lie that America is not a racist country is a slap in the face to the victims of racism then and now.
I agree with former President Barack Obama that Nikki Haley and Tim Scott (both GOP Presidential candidates) are wrong to diminish racial inequalities and deny systematic racism. The fact is that we have sociological studies galore proving the systematic racism exists. Examples include how black mothers have higher percentage of maternal deaths than their white counterparts, how black people serve longer prison sentences than white people (even if they are convicted of the same crime), how economic oppression disproportionately harm the black community, and racial discrimination being a reality in many spheres of the world. The cruel irony is that many MAGA extremists are trying to ban books by black people describing real black history and other policies that violate voting rights. These actions not only are offensive but harm the lives of Americans (who need the truth about America to be shown in public). Tim Scott lied and said that people who disagree with him want to invalidate his experience. No, we just believe that your experience is not representative of every black person's in America, and America still is a racist country (filled with righteous and evil people).
Voting is important. Today, a local primary existed in Virginia. Voting just doesn't deal with federal elections. Voting does also deal with state elections, local elections, and other procedures that deal with electing judges, school officials, state legislators, and other important positions that has influence in the daily lives of the people. We are called to enrich the general welfare of the people. The general welfare of humanity deals with the environment, health, economic vitality, and other facets of community. In the final analysis, we want our civil liberties protected, we desire our voting rights to be strengthened, and we want people to achieve their own destinies as human beings without injustice. To grow a society, you have to invest in the community, develop families, help the poor, defend the lives of the people, and make sure that justice for all is an active saying (beyond just glowing rhetoric). That is why we believe in altruism as there are causes bigger than self-interest. The federal government has a duty to provide for the general welfare of the people. So, when people say that voting doesn't matter, they are lying. Voting did matter to cause the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act to exist. Voting caused a liar to not be President in 2021, and voting caused many changes in our world. On a higher level, when you learn this, you always are opposed to colonialism, racism, imperialism, xenophobia, and other evils plaguing the world.
Days ago was the heroic Sister Ernestine Shepherd, and she is 86 years old. For years, she is known as a fitness expert, spiritual woman (who loves God as there is nothing wrong with that), and an inspirational human being. At one point, she was the oldest competitive woman bodybuilder in the world, as declared by the Guiness Book of World Records in 2010 and in 2011. She is active in fitness culture to this day. She was a model in Baltimore for years. At the age of 56 years old, she and her sister Mildred Blackwell started to take aerobics classes. Her sister competed in bodybuilding in the name of Velvet, and Ernestine followed under the name of Ernie. His sister passed away in the early 1990s following a brain aneurysm. Ernestine Shepherd has dedicated her fitness career to her sister. Her published book is entitled, "Determined, Dedicated, and Disciplined to be Fit" in 2016. She appeared in the Black is King video movie by Beyonce. At her local church in Baltimore (named Union Memorial United Methodist Church), she helps many people to do exercises and inspire positive change. She has run 80 miles a week. She eats boiled eggs, chicken, vegetables, and a liquid eggs drink. Her life has been filled with resilience and miracles as she loves being a grandmother too. She loves her husband and her family. Ernestine Shepherd's lesson is that it is never too late to achieve monumental greatness in your life. She started exercising a lot at age 56, and the point of life is to not only bless ourselves but other people too. Never giving up on your dreams and aspirations is an accurate precept to adhere to as well. I wish Sister Ernestine Shepherd more Blessings.
By Timothy
Tuesday, June 20, 2023
Monday, June 19, 2023
Life Involving People.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the firm advocate of nonviolence, passed away in the year of 1968. The year of 1968 was a year that was one of the most important years in all of human history to put it lightly. It changed America and the world with its events, cultural changes, and other political developments. At the start of January 1968, anti-Vietnam War activists Dr. Benjamin Spock, William Sloan Coffin (the chaplain of Yale University), novelist Mitchell Goodman, Michael Ferber, and Marcus Raskin were indicted on charges of conspiracy to encourage violations of the draft laws by a grand jury in Boston. They protested legally and the indictment is an example of a political persecution. The draft is about forcing a grown man or grown woman to potentially fight a war even if he or she disagrees with that war. The only exemption is applying for a conscientious objector. The four men would be convicted, and Raskin was acquitted on June 14th, 1968. The Vietnam War existed with the President Lyndon Baines Johnson giving his State of the Union Address on January 17. Later, there was the crew of the USS Pueblo (a Navy intelligence vessel) being captured by North Korean patrol boats. The Tet Offensive existed. The Tet Offensive was about North Vietnamese military forces fighting from Nha Trang to all over the Vietnamese peninsula starting on January 31, 1968. The nearly 70,000 North Vietnamese troops fighting broad daylight from the jungles to the cities. Even the U.S. embassy in Saigon was attacked by 2:45 am and it was held until 9:15 am. It took place for weeks, and the U.S. was victorious in the battle. Yet, the American public saw how the war was a stalemate, and the situation was brutal. Many knew about the picture showing a south Vietnamese security official is captured on film executing a Viet Cong prisoner by American photographer Eddie Adams. The Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph becomes yet another rallying point for anti-war protestors. Despite later claims that the prisoner had been accused of murdering a Saigon police officer and his family, the image seems to call into question everything claimed and assumed about the Vietnam War.
1968 saw Nixon running for President by February 2, 1968, for the Republican Party. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. continues to travel the world to fight for justice and oppose the Vietnam War. On February 4, 1968, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered a sermon at his Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta which will come to be seen as prophetic. His speech contains what amounts to his own eulogy. After his death, he says, "I'd like somebody to mention that day that Martin Luther King Jr. tried to give his life serving others. I'd like for somebody to say that day that Martin Luther King Jr. tried to love somebody... that I tried to love and serve humanity. Yes, if you want to, say that I was a drum major for peace... for righteousness." Vietnam caused tons of Americans and Vietnamese human beings to die. By February 27, 1968, Walter Cronkite reported on the aftermath of the Tet Offensive in his television special called, "Who, What, When, Where, Why?" The report criticized U.S. officials and exposes how the war was really conducted. Cronkite said that the war was a stalemate or draw. He wanted negotiations for all sides to end the war. When the March 12 New Hampshire primary allowed Eugene McCarthy to be close to defeat LBJ, that shocked many Americans. McCarthy relied on college students and volunteers to get votes. Senator Robert Kennedy decided to run for President on March 16, 1968. The My Lai massacre existed when 500 Vietnamese civilians from infants to the elderly were murdered by ground troops (in Charlie Company) from America. It lasted for three hours until three American fliers intervene to carry the wounded to safety. The fliers positioned their helicopter between the troops and the fleeing Vietnamese people. By March 22, 1968, In Czechoslovakia Antonin Novotny resigned from the Czech presidency setting off alarm bells in Moscow. The next day leaders of five Warsaw Pact countries meet in Dresden, East Germany to discuss the crisis. By March 28, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. lead a march in Memphis which turns violent. After King himself had been led from the scene one 16-year-old black teenage child was killed, 60 people are injured, and over 150 arrested. We know now that many government agent provocateurs initiated a lot of the violence. Dr. King was unfairly blamed by some (including by Robert Byrd), and Dr. King promised to back again in forming a nonviolent march in Memphis (in preparation for his future Poor People's Campaign march in Washington, D.C.). President Lyndon Johnson delivers his Address to the Nation Announcing Steps To Limit the War in Vietnam and Reporting His Decision Not To Seek Reelection. The speech announced the first in a series of limitations on US bombing, promising to halt these activities above the 20th parallel (on March 31, 1968).
The tragic end was coming. Many people wonder if Dr. King knew. Yet, "I've Been To the Mountaintop" was one of the many classic, prophetic speeches from Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. King was desperate to make the Memphis sanitation strike successful, because the rights of workers must be respected. Grown men and grown women deserve fair wages, dignity, respect, and a sense of community to establish their own life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness indeed. On April 3, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. gave his last "I've Been to the Mountaintop" speech at the Mason Temple (Church of God in Christ Headquarters) in Memphis, Tennessee. It was raining and stormy at that night. Dr. King hesitated on whether to go or not. Yet, Dr. King decided to go to the church to express his progressive views on politics, economics, black freedom, fighting racism, and overall human liberation. In the church, the excitement was building rapidly for Dr. King to speak. When Dr. King came on the stage, the crowd shouted in joy and anticipation for Dr. King's eloquent words to show. The speech touched on many themes. At first, he gave greetings and praised his best friend Ralph Abernathy. Then, he gave a panoramic view of the history of comparing the struggle of the Hebrews in Egypt to the struggle of black American workers in Memphis who just want economic justice. Dr. King wanted God to send him to the ages of Moses, the Greek philosophers' time (filled with Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Euripides, and Aristophanes), the age of the Roman emperors and leaders, the Renaissance, the Reformation, and to the time of Abraham Lincoln signing the Emancipation Proclamation. Then, he wanted God to allow him to live a few years in the 2nd half of the 20th century. Such comments are morbid, even him prophetically knowing that his time on Earth was short. Yet, Dr. King's speech came to elevate the cause of the sanitation workers, desiring to grow black owned institutions, and desiring freedom to spread in the world.
Dr. King opposed the court-imposed injunction restricting their rights of peaceful protestors. He said that people are rising up in Africa, America, etc. desiring to be free. He reminded the audience of how nonviolence resistance caused many positive conclusions in Montgomery, Selma, etc. Dr. King wanted boycotts against racist companies who refuse to treat black residents as equal citizens of America (along with building up a strong economic base in the black community). He used biblical imagery in the speech like the story of Jericho Road to make the point that when suffering people exist, we can't be bystanders. We have to work actively in changing society, so the poor and anyone suffering can have true justice in the world. He spoke about of his suffering like being stabbed by a deranged person and encouragement from a young child. Dr. King wanted America to defend the rights found in the documents of the Constitution and Declaration of Independence. As he said, "...Somewhere I read of the freedom of assembly. Somewhere I read of the freedom of speech. Somewhere I read of the freedom of press. Somewhere I read that the greatness of America is the right to protest for right. And so just as I said, we aren't going to let dogs or water hoses turn us around. We aren't going to let any injunction turn us around. We are going on..." At the end of the speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. predicted the future that he may not see the time of black people experiencing true freedom and justice, but he saw the Promised Land. He foreshadowed his death and he wasn't afraid to die. His final words in the speech are the following:
"...Well, I don't know what will happen now. We've got some difficult days ahead. But it really doesn't matter with me now, because I've been to the mountaintop. And I don't mind. Like anybody, I would like to live – a long life; longevity has its place. But I'm not concerned about that now. I just want to do God's will. And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I've looked over. And I've seen the Promised Land. I may not get there with you. But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people, will get to the Promised Land. So I'm happy, tonight. I'm not worried about anything. I'm not fearing any man. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord..."
The crowd cheered and Dr. King hugged people. Dr. King saw the crowd cheering and crying. Then, Dr. King cried. He gave it his all in showing his progressive message about boycotts, economic justice, and freedom for sanitation workers.
At the end of the Dr. Martin Luther King's life, he left the church in a high note after giving his Mountaintop speech. It ended at 10:30 pm. Later, Dr. King and Ralph Abernathy drove to Benjamin Hooks' house at 1860 South Parkway East for a late-night meal at 10:45 pm. By early Thursday morning on April 4th, 1968, Alfred Daniel King (or Dr. King's younger brother) came to the Lorraine Hotel with some associates (including Georgia Davis Powers and Lucretia Baldwin Ward. George Davis Powers was the Kentucky state Senator who worked with Dr. King before 1968 in desiring housing rights and equality for black people in the state of Kentucky. She babysit Muhammad Ali when he was a child) having driven there from Miami. They meet with other SCLC leaders for hours. By 4 am, Dr. King, Lee, and Abernathy return to the Lorraine Motel and visit A.D. for about an hour, when Dr. King goes to bed. By 8 am, Lawson, AFSCME national organizer Jesse Epps, and the Rev. Ralph Jackson, a vocal civil-rights leader and pastor of St. Andrews AME Church, meet at The Peabody, 149 Union, for a strategy breakfast. By 8 am, Judge Bailey Brown met in Circuit Court with Andrew Young and the attorneys (Burch, Lucas, Bailey, Caywood, Cody, and Newman) to hear their request about lifting the restraining order. They wanted restrictions if the April 8th march is allowed to come about. MPD director Frank Holloman said that he would rather see Dr. King lead a march than anybody else. By 9am, black and white ministers meet again at Mississippi Blvd. Christian Church at 971 Mississippi Blvd. They wanted to have their discussion from the day before. Rabbi Wax didn't want demonstrations and the black ministers wanted more demonstrations and protests. Mayor Loeb was in Brown's courtroom at 10 am. but says nothing. By 10:30 am, a large group of Invaders, led by Charles Cabbage, meets in Room 315 at the Lorraine Motel to argue that the SCLC needs to fund their Black Organizing Program if they expected help with the April 8th march. King attends the meeting briefly, tells them, “I don’t negotiate with brothers,” and walks out of the room. The Invaders leave the motel. By 12 noon, Dr. King and Abernathy share a catfish lunch in King's motel room. Judge Brown has a lunch break at the same time too. Chauncey Eskridge, King’s personal attorney and friend, arrives from Atlanta. Andrew Young, the SCLC’s executive vice president, talks after lunch, arguing that mass marches call attention to injustice in a nonviolent way. Brown concludes the meeting at 4 p.m.
The Memphis police and the FBI continued to have their surveillance of Dr. King and his associates at the Lorraine Motel. We don't know why two black firefighters — Norvell Wallace and Floyd Newsum — are transferred to other fire stations that day. The two police officers responsible for monitoring King are both black undercover “community relations” officers: detective Ed Redditt and patrolman Willie Richmond. By 12:50 pm, a woman called Fire Station #2 and tells Redditt that everyone knows he is an undercover cop, and “spying was an offense against his people.” This is not the first threat he has received during King’s stay in Memphis, so MPD officials remove him from his post and tell him to take his family into hiding. He is replaced with another black policeman at the station. Richmond remains at the fire station, watching activities at the Lorraine through slits in the paper covering the windows. By 1 pm, Dr. King and his brother A.D. call their mother in Atlanta, later hold an “impromptu SCLC meeting.” They and members of the local Community on the Move for Equality (COME) talk about putting some members of the Invaders on the SCLC staff. The Rev. Harold Middlebrook with COME believes, “Maybe exposure to Dr. King and his staff would give them the idea of being nonviolent.” By 3 pm, more than a dozen members of the U.S. Army’s 111th Military Intelligence Group also monitor King’s activities from various downtown locations. At one point, they watch the Lorraine Motel from the rooftop of Fire Station #2. Memphis businessman Ned Cook meet with Loeb at City Hall and tells him that “the responsible element of the Negro community thought the thing was getting out of hand.” According to Beifuss, “There was a brightening in the mayor’s office.” At 3pm, Bandleader Ben Branch with Chicago’s Operation Breadbasket (a community organization that encouraged support for black-owned businesses) gathers a small band in one of the rooms at the Lorraine Motel to rehearse for the mass meeting later that night at Mason Temple. Jesse Jackson and the Rev. Samuel “Billy” Kyles, pastor of Monumental Baptist Church, join in singing old hymns: “Yield Not to Temptation,” “I’ve Been ’Buked and I’ve Been Scorned,” and “I’m So Glad Trouble Don’t Last Always.”
By 4:30 pm, Andrew Young returns to the Lorraine Motel to give King an update on the situation in Judge Bailey Brown’s courtroom. King chastised him in a joking way for not telling them anything sooner: “Why don’t you call and let me know what’s going on? We’re sitting here all day long waiting to hear from you.” They eventually start laughing and even get into a pillow fight. “Occasionally, he would get into those kinds of hilarious moods,” says Young. By 5pm, Dr. King joked with Lorene Bailey, the wife of motel owner Walter Bailey, about having dinner that evening with the Kyles. “If he don’t have good food out there, like that catfish we had,” he tells her, “I’m going to come back and eat here.” At the same time, eighteen local business leaders meet at The Peabody to discuss ways to settle the strike. As with every other meeting held across the city that day, they don’t come to any conclusions. “It was a cold audience,” says Memphis Labor Council secretary Bill Ross, “and a last-ditch, desperate attempt.” By 5:30 pm, Dr. King and Ralph Abernathy dress for dinner. Because King’s skin is so sensitive, he “shaves” by using a homemade depilatory. He kids Kyles that his wife had better serve “real” soul food that evening. (“Not like at that preacher’s house. We went over there and had some ham. A ham bone.”) To his colleagues, he seems in a good mood. “This is like the old Movement days, isn’t it?” he asks Kyles, who slumps on the bed as the other two dress. “That first speech when I got here! When I got to the temple and saw all those people — you couldn’t have squeezed two more in if you tried. This really is the old Movement spirit.” Kyles remembers, “It was just preacher talk, like people talk baseball talk or barbershop talk.” He and Abernathy joke with King when he can’t button the tight collar on his shirt, so he pulls another one from his suitcase. By 5:45 pm, Solomon Jones waited in the Lorraine Motel courtyard with the white Cadillac loaned by R.S. Lewis and Sons Funeral Home. Ben Branch and Jesse Jackson are also in the courtyard, along with attorney Chauncey Eskridge and King aides Andrew Young, Hosea Williams, James Bevel, Bernard Lee, and James Orange. Other motel guests stand nearby, along with photographers Ernest Withers and Joseph Louw, and a reporter for The New York Times. At 5:50 pm, three police cars and a dozen officers return to Fire Station #2 after monitoring the daily march from Clayborn Temple to City Hall. Most of the men go inside to grab a cup of coffee and to take a break, while others mill about outside.
At 5:55 pm, Waiting for Abernathy, King steps out onto the balcony outside Room 306. Down in the parking lot, Jackson says to King, “Doc, this is Ben Branch. Ben used to live in Memphis. He plays in our band.” King leans over the railing to tell Branch he remembers him, but jokes that he can’t bring his whole band to the Kyles’ house, and comes back inside. Abernathy returns to his own room, next to King’s, to put on aftershave. At the fire station, a fireman, George Loenneke, asks policeman Richmond if he can look through the binoculars for a few minutes. He watches as King steps back onto the balcony outside Room 306 and talks to the people below. At 6 pm, King leans over the railing and tells Branch to “play ‘Precious Lord’ like you’ve never played it before.” Branch says, “Dr. King, you know I do that all the time.” King responds, “But tonight, especially for me. I want you to play it real pretty.” Branch says, “I will, Doc,” and tells him to put on an overcoat, since it might be chilly later. At 6:01 pm, Dr. King straightened up and begins to turn back towards his room to get a coat. He had been in Memphis 31 hours and 28 minutes. Then, at 6:01 pm, the murderer shot Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and the world changed forever.
In terms of computer technology, Jesse Russell remains an icon. He is an American inventor. He was born in Nashville, Tennessee. He worked in the field of wireless communication for over 20 years. He has many patents and continues to invent and innovate in the new area of next generation broadband wireless networks, technologies, and services (called 4G). Russell was inducted into the U.S. National Academy of Engineering for his contributions to the field of wireless communication. He pioneered the field of digital cellular communication in the 1980's through the use o high power linear amplification and low bit rate voice encoding technologies and received a patent in 1992 for his work in the area of digital cellular base station. He is the Chairman and CEO of incNETWORKS, Inc, a New Jersey based Broadband Wireless Communications Company focused on 4th Generation (4G) BroadBand Wireless Communications Technologies, Networks, and Services. He was born into a large African American family with 8 brothers and sisters. He was inducted as a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in 1995 for technical contributions to and leadership in digital cellular communications technology. We always what he did for wireless communication technology indeed.
In terms of MMA culture, Conor McGregor is a disgrace. He is totally against the values and integrity of the sport of mixed martial arts. We know who he is, and we know that he has no respect for people or his girlfriend. He was born in Dublin, Ireland and was a former UFC featherweight and lightweight Champions. He has been arrested in Ireland for speeding. In April 5, 2018, he threw objects of the bus where MMA fighter Khabib Nurmagomedov was at. This happened at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York City. McGregor and his entourage wanted to confront Nurgmomedov. McGregor ran near a moving bus and grab a metal equipment dolly and broke the bus's window. Michael Chiesa and Ray Borg were injured by the glass. McGregor pleaded no contest because his act was caught on tape. He was ordered to perform five days of community service and attend anger management classes. Back in March of 2019, McGregor was accused of sexually assaulting a woman at a Dublin hotel in December 2018. He was accused of assaulting a woman again in October 2019. On March 11, 2019, McGregor was arrested outside the Fontainebleau Hotel in Mimi Beach, Florida after he attacked fan taking a picture with a cellphone. The incident was caught on CCTV. McGregor lunged to hit the man, grabbed his cellphone, and smashed it on the ground with his feet. A settlement out of court existed. If a Brother did what McGregor did, you already know the consequences. On August 16, 2019, McGregor was caught on tape punching an older man at The Marble Arch Pubin Dublin (it took place on April 5, 209). He was arrested on September 10, 2020, for being accused of sexual assault and indecent exposure in a bar at the French island of Corsica. French authorities dropped the investigation due to insufficient evidence. McGregor was accused of assaulting the musician Francesco Facchinetti (an Italian man) in nightclub in Rome on October 17, 2021. McGregor was accused of assaulting a 42-year-old woman abroad his yacht in Ibiza, Spain on July 22, 2022. The women's car was set ablaze. A brick was thrown through a window of a residence. McGregor punched the Miami Heat's mascot Burnie on June 10, 2023. By June 11, 2023, Conor McGregor has been accused of sexually assaulting a woman in a restroom at the Miami arena after Game Four of the NBA Finals. McGregor denies those allegations. We know about the racist stuff he said to Mayweather saying "dance for me boy." His actions are not about being confidence. His own deeds about him being reckless, abusive, and plainly narcissistic. So, Conor McGregor is no role model, I don't respect him at all, and he is a disgrace to the sport of MMA period.
The daughter of John Burwell Willaims (b. 1815) and Mary (b. 1824) was Mary L. Williams. Mary L. Williams's daughter was Ida Williams Artis (1883-1963). Ida Artis's father was Eddie Drew Kello (b. 1851). Ida Artis married Ivy Artis (b. 1883), and their children were Willie Artis (b. 1902), James Robert Artis (1905-1968), Pearl Artis (b. 1908), George Artis (1912-1939), Booker T. Washington Artis Sr. (1915-1980), Thomas Artis (1917-1990), and Lucy Mae Bainty Artis (1919-2006). Booker T. Washington Artis Sr. married Evelyn Ricks on December 30, 1937, in Sedley, Virginia. Their children are Booker T. Washington Artis Jr. (1938-1958) and Melvin Lee Artis Sr. (b. 1940). One daughter of Ivy Artis and Ida Williams Artis was Lucy Mae Bainty Artis (1919-2006). She married Ervin Hicks (1918-2002) on June 3, 1939, at Sedley, Virginia. The marriage documents show Lucy Artis's parents as Ivory Artis (her father) and Ida Williams (her mother). Their children are Lloyd Hicks (b. 1938), Grace Mae Hicks Ricks (b. 1939), Annie B. Hicks (b. 1948), and Robert Lee Hicks (1952-1988).
I'm an older Millennial (born in 1983), so I always have a fondness of the 1990's. The 1990's saw the end of the Cold War and the expansion and technological and musical development. It was a time when historic shows and movies existed (like Roc, Martin, Moesha, Living Single, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, etc), and the discussion of race plus other social issues were more out in public. The rock and pop music of the 1990's saw a golden age of groups relying on the past and present to establish hits. The pop music especially saw a golden age. Many musical trends saw soul, funk, and jazz being fused to form new jack swing, neo-soul, hip hop soul, and g-funk. Rock music saw peak level alternative music along with punk rock, ska punk, and nu metal. Artists like Pearl Jam, Nirvana, R.E.M., Red Hot Chili Peppers, No Doubt, Goo Goo Dolls, Stone Temple Pilots, 4 Non Blondes, Beck, Sublime, Creed, and other rock groups shown diverse sounds with the same goal of promoting musical expression in being personal. R&B music saw another Golden Age of some of the best music in human history from the 1990's. I can go down the list. Artists like Toni Braxton, Whitney Houston, Babyface, Zhane, Brownstone, TLC, Soul 2 Soul, Boyz 2 Men, Blackstreet, Aaliyah, Lauryn Hill, 702, Mariah Carey, and other R&B icons shown out to display musical excellence. Norah Jones, Sarah McLachlan, Alanis Morissette, Tori Amos, Dionne Farris, Dionne Farris, Meshell Ndegeocello, Jewel, Natalie Merchant, Gabrielle, and Sheryl Crow saw the growth of women artists promoting their styles. Hip hop in the 1990's saw an expansion of power with corporations taking a more vested interest in the artform. Artists like Tupac Shakur, Public Enemy, Queen Latifah, Salt n Pepa, Master P, the Hot Boyz, The Ghetto Boys, Canibus, LL Cool J, Ice T, Dr. Dre, Eminem, Coolio, The Fugees, Nas, the Notorious B.I.G., Lil Kim, and other hip hop musicians were highly influential during the 1990's. The 1990's was a decade when individuality in music was celebrated in a passionate fashion, and the experience of human life (filled with joy, imperfections, pain, and triumphs) was eloquently displayed in a myriad of musical genres as well (including gospel music with Kurt Franklin, Yolanda Adams, BeBe and CeCe Winans, the Mississippi Mass Choir, etc.). There was the further popularity of electronic music and house plus techno music. Music from Corona (in the Rhythm of the Night), Deborah Cox (in Sentimental), and Foo Fighters (Flying) always has a resonance with people. The third wave ska and wing revival was known along with the merging of pop with country (shown by artists like Garth Brooks and Shania Twain). The internet helped to expand music during the 1990's along with digital technology. By the end of the 1990's, we saw the teenage pop group expand with artists like the Backstreet Boys, NSYNC, 98 Degrees, The Spice Girls, Hanson, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, etc. My childhood existed during the 1990's as I was 7 in 1990 and 16 in 1999. To me, the 1990's was a special decade with some of the most impactful, greatest music of all time.
The legacy of heroes remains permanent in our consciousness. A lot of people, even in 2023, didn't know that black women were in the military during World War II fighting against fascism. Decades ago, World War II existed, but its impact on our society is paramount from new technological to the end of overt colonialism in many parts of the world (from Africa to Asia). The late Lieutenant Colonel Charity Adams Early lived from December 5, 1918 to January 13, 2002. She was an American United States Army officer. She made history in enumerable ways. She was the first African American woman to be an officer in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (later WACs) and the commanding officer of the first battalion of African American women to serve overseas during World War II. Adams was the highest ranking African American woman in the army by the completion of the war. The 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion helped to deliver mail throughout the U.S. Armed Forces in the midst of enemy lines. Their motto was "no Mail, Low Morale." There is a monument honoring the military group of women at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas on November 30, 2018. She served from 1942 to 1946 during her life. She fought Jim Crow apartheid and gave opportunities for future women military leaders. Heroes like Isabella Peterson Evans, Millie Dunn Veasey, Mildred Gates Hooper, Romay Johnson Davi, and other human beings shown courage and heroism. Therefore, we honor Lt. Colonel Charity Adams Early as a champion for our freedom and a beacon of light for freedom in general.
By Timothy
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